Technical points of feeding and management of laying hens in spring

When the temperature picks up in spring, germs begin to multiply in large numbers, and there is a large temperature difference between day and night. Moreover, after a long winter, chickens are physically weak, so spring is the season with high incidence of chicken disease. At this time, the physiological function of the chicken is also increasingly prosperous, and the egg production increases rapidly, so spring is also the peak season for laying and breeding. There are two central tasks for the feeding and management of laying hens in spring: one is to ensure the health of the flock, and the other is to ensure high egg production. The main points of feeding and management techniques in spring are summarized as follows:

I. main points of feed nutrition technology

In early spring, when it is warm and cold, the proportion of energy feed such as corn should be appropriately increased to enhance the cold resistance of chickens. The suitable energy level is 2.75 ~ 2.85 mega calories per kilogram. If the energy is too high and the feed intake of chickens is low, the protein intake is insufficient, which not only causes energy waste, but also affects the protein intake of chickens.

In the middle of spring, when the temperature rises and the laying rate of chickens also increases, it is necessary to properly improve the nutritional level of the diet and improve the laying rate of chickens. The content of crude protein should not be less than 16.5%. For every 10% increase in the laying rate of chickens, the crude protein in the diet should be increased by about 10%. When the laying rate increases, high-protein feed should be fed one week in advance. If the eggs produced at this time are used as seed eggs, attention should be paid to the comprehensive nutrition of the feed and the appropriate addition of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin B and so on.

The late spring is the most suitable period for chicken production, and the environment such as temperature and humidity is the most favorable for laying eggs. Chickens in the pre-laying period and in the early period of egg production need a lot of nutrients to meet the needs of laying and weight gain. According to the measurement, the average daily gain of chickens during this period is still about 4 grams, and the average daily feed intake is not the most. The average daily feed intake is only about 100 grams, so it is necessary to properly improve the nutritional level of the diet during this period, otherwise it is difficult to meet the nutritional needs of chickens. At this time, the dietary energy should reach 2.65-2.80 MCAL / kg, and the crude protein should be 17%-18%. The reason for improving the protein level is that the hen consumes more protein during the laying period, and its consumption is related to the laying rate of the hen, so the protein raw material in the feed should be increased according to the increase of the laying rate of the hen. the method is to properly add high-quality fish meal and soybean meal to the diet, and to add as little miscellaneous meal as possible when the cost permits.

2. Technical points of daily management

In early spring, we should pay attention to the heat preservation of the henhouse and try to keep the temperature of the laying house above 10 ℃. At the same time, we should also take into account ventilation. Open doors and windows when the temperature is high at noon every day to discharge harmful gases. Cold prevention facilities should be removed gradually according to the situation, but care should be taken to avoid the cold of chickens. The daily temperature difference of breeding and laying hens should be controlled within 6 ℃ to avoid production loss caused by temperature instability. In addition, pay attention to the light time, laying hens should turn on the lights at 5am (5:30 or 6:00) and turn off the lights at 9pm (9:30 or 10:00) every day, so that the light time should be stable at 16 hours. The effect is better if you use red light. The light intensity is 10 lux, that is, every 3 meters before and after the house is equipped with a 25-watt incandescent lamp with a height of 2.1 meters and equipped with a lamp umbrella. The light bulb should be polished once a week to maintain adequate illumination. Set up an adjustable transformer to make the lights brighten and dim when switching, so as to reduce the stress to the chickens. At the same time, the lighting time controller is installed to make the management more convenient.

In the middle of spring, there are few diseases, so we should seize the opportunity to strengthen the purification of disease sources. In order to maintain a high laying rate, various management systems should be relatively stable to prevent stress and reduce the laying rate of chickens. Stress is the source of all diseases, during this period, the temperature is capricious, suddenly hot and cold, and the stress of starting production itself makes the chickens in a state of sub-health for a long time, thus inducing a variety of diseases. In production, some measures should be taken as far as possible to reduce the impact of stress on chicken flocks, feeding and management procedures should be standardized, feeding should be timed, water supply should be adequate, and operating procedures should not be changed at will, such as feeding, egg picking, feces cleaning and so on. can lead to a decline in egg production, or even disease.

Late spring is the season of mass reproduction of microorganisms, mosquitoes and flies and other insects also begin to breed, and the windy and rainy climate is conducive to the spread of diseases, so improving environmental sanitation and strengthening epidemic prevention should be listed as the focus of daily management. Thoroughly clean inside and outside the henhouse and the whole farm to reduce the threat of disease. In addition, we should pick out sick, weak, disabled and other non-laying hens from the flock, strengthen disease prevention, remove feces, disinfect frequently, and increase the number of egg collection. Conditional chicken farms should carry out antibody surveillance of Newcastle disease, infectious bronchitis and other epidemic diseases, and can be immunized immediately if abnormalities are found, and preventive administration can also be carried out.