Ten points of Dairy Cow Health Care

First, breeding at the right time. The breeding rate can be increased and greater economic benefits can be obtained when the breeding cattle grow to 15-18 months or the body weight reaches 350 kg and the breeding is carried out in time 2-3 months after giving birth. First of all, pay attention to observe the estrus of the cow, the appearance of estrus is excited, the behavior is uneasy, often climb over other cattle, also accept the climb of other cattle, there is transparent mucus flow out of the vulva. Secondly, it can effectively improve the conception rate of artificial insemination by telling the breeding staff the exact time of estrus (ovulation at 10: 12 hours after the end of estrus, 24 hours of sperm survival in the reproductive tract, and 6 hours of egg survival). Artificial insemination was carried out by holding the cervix in hand about 24 hours from the early stage of estrus.

Second, balanced nutrition. Nutritional balance is the material basis for dairy cows to maintain health and prolong their utilization life, which can maintain normal appetite, achieve good health, and improve the potential of comprehensive milk production. It will not be due to partial lack of nutrition, resulting in poor overall nutrition absorption, resulting in forage waste, hindered growth and development, diseases, and affect normal production. Grass feeding follows the principle of adding less frequently, and hay is fed with silage. The feeding amount of concentrate is determined according to the milk yield and the quality of roughage.

Third, massage the breasts. Breast massage is one of the effective measures to improve the milk production performance of dairy cows. it can cultivate the docile habits of cows, promote the growth and development of the breast, accept milking smoothly under the joint action of nervous system and endocrine system, and drain the milk in the breast as much as possible. prevent the residual milk in the breast from causing mastitis and increase the total amount of milk produced during lactation.

Fourth, summer Changshui. Water in milk accounts for 86%-89%, and protein, fat, lactose, minerals and vitamins account for 11%-14%. In hot summer, the amount of drinking water needed by dairy cows is higher than that in spring, autumn and winter. Adult cows need 1.5 kg of water for every 0.5 kg of dry matter and 1.5 kg for every 0.5 kg of milk. Adequate free drinking water contributes to the normal synthesis of milk, lowers body temperature and reduces diseases caused by hot summer weather. Therefore, in order to meet the drinking water needs of dairy cows, cattle farms should set up automatic drinking fountains in the barn or sports ground.

Fifth, warm water in winter. Studies have shown that the amount of drinking water of cattle is affected by dry matter intake, climatic conditions, dietary composition and physiological status of cattle. Dry dairy cows need 35 kg of water per day, cows with daily milk production of 15 kg need 50 kg of water per day, and cows with daily milk production of 40 kg need 100 kg of water. The normal body temperature of dairy cows is 38.5 ℃ ~ 39 ℃, and the drinking water temperature in winter and spring is 10 ℃ ~ 19 ℃, which can meet the maximum amount of drinking water needed for dairy production, reduce the stress response of dairy cows, reduce feed consumption and improve milk production performance.

Sixth, summer sunshade. Although the forage condition is good in summer, due to the high temperature and muggy air, the cows lose their appetite and the respiratory rate is accelerated, which affects lactation. By building an awning and sunshade on the roof of the cowshed or in the playground, you can lower your body temperature and prevent heatstroke, and if necessary, you can lower the cow's body temperature by washing cold water and spraying water.

Bask in the sun in winter. The lack of calcium and the imbalance of calcium and phosphorus in dairy cows in winter will affect reproduction directly or indirectly. Solar energy promotes the synthesis of organic calcium, increases the absorption of phosphorus in feed, increases the conception rate, prevents osteoporosis in adult cattle, and reduces the occurrence of diseases such as postpartum paralysis and placenta retention.

Eighth, brush the cow body. Enhance the affinity between cows and people, cultivate the docile habits of cattle, easy to raise. Improve skin metabolism, promote blood circulation, prevent the transmission of diseases, which is beneficial to the health of cattle.

9. Skillful exercise. Each cow should have a sports ground of 20 to 30 square meters for free exercise, which can not only exercise physique, speed up metabolism, improve health, but also increase appetite, promote food intake, increase milk yield and milk fat rate, and prevent dystocia and deformation of cow limbs. Good cow health care can prolong the feeding life of high-yield dairy cows and increase the number of milk production. If the conditions are limited and there is no playground, driving exercise for 2-3 hours can also achieve the purpose of exercise.

Attaching importance to science. The factors that affect the production capacity of dairy cows are genetic, physiological and environmental factors, among which the environmental factors are more important. Among the external environmental factors, feeding management is an important factor affecting the production capacity of dairy cows, and scientific feeding management is the key to give full play to the production capacity of dairy cows. Different feeding and management methods of the same cow have a difference of 30% to 60%. Therefore, according to its growth stage, body condition, body weight, milk yield, milk fat composition and other conditions, reasonable supply of full-price forage for feeding, scientific management, create a comfortable environment, with the lowest capital investment, the maximum economic benefits can be obtained.