Manual for daily feeding and management of caged flies

First, to understand the morphological characteristics and living habits of houseflies.

The main results are as follows: (1) morphological characteristics: Musca domestica is a fully metamorphosis insect, which goes through four stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult.

(2) Life habits

① living official: under natural conditions, the number of generations of houseflies varies from place to place. Under the condition of artificial temperature control, houseflies can reproduce year-round as long as the temperature is right.

② insect stage: the generation period of housefly is shorter than that of other insects, and its development rate is very fast. The development period of each insect state is closely related to temperature, and in the range of suitable temperature, the development period shortens with the increase of temperature. Under the condition of 25-35 ℃, the generation duration was only 10-15 days, in which the egg duration was less than 1 day, the larva duration was 4-6 days, the pupa stage was 5-7 days, and the adult life span was 1-2 months.

③ activity habits: adults like to live outdoors during the day, live on trees or indoor ceilings at night, and gather in warm places when the temperature is low.

④ reproductive habits: the adults matured sexually after 2-5 days of Eclosion, and began to mate and lay eggs. In actual production, each batch of flies should be eliminated in time after 20-25 days of feeding.

⑤ feeding habits: housefly adults like to eat liquid food with high protein content, and water is a necessary condition for adult survival. Brown sugar and milk powder are the best food for adults. The life span of adults fed with milk powder, milk powder + white sugar / brown sugar can reach more than 50 days. Adding vegetables, fruits and other substances to feed supplemented with vitamins and trace elements will help to increase the number of eggs laid. The fecundity of adults fed with fresh maggot pulp was 10% and 20% higher than that of milk powder.

Larvae like to feed on rotten organic matter, and different degrees of rotten organic matter can become their source of nutrition. The prepared artificial feed is suitable for feeding larvae after fermentation for about 6 hours.

Pupation habit of ⑥

The relationship between ⑦ and temperature and humidity: temperature directly affects the survival, growth and development and life activities of housefly. In the actual production, it is suitable to control the feeding temperature of the larvae at 25-35 ℃, the growth cycle is prolonged when the larvae are below 22 ℃, and the larvae above 40 ℃ will climb out of the culture medium to find a cool and suitable temperature. Adults stop developing below 12 ℃, do not mate and lay eggs, and cannot lay eggs below 15 ℃. The life span is the longest at the optimum temperature of 20-30 ℃, up to 50-60 days. The adults are most active at 30 ℃, and rest in the shade above 30 ℃. If the temperature exceeds 35 ℃, the species fly is restless and cannot lay eggs at 39 ℃, it dies gradually at 40 ℃, and the lethal temperature is above 45 ℃.

The growth and development of housefly eggs, larvae and pupae requires that the culture medium is wet and not flooded, and the water content of 50% to 60% is the most suitable. Studies have shown that the basal water content has a great influence on the development of Musca domestica eggs. When the water content is 60%, the shortest egg period is 18 hours, and the hatching rate is the highest; the best substrate water content for larval survival is 60%-70%; the humidity requirement for pupa development is low, and a humidity of 40%-50% is more suitable. It is difficult for adults to survive without water. 50%-80% relative humidity of the air is suitable for adults. Adults begin to drink and feed after 1 hour of Eclosion. Generally, they all die after fasting or cutting off water for 2-3 days. This is often used in production to eliminate adults after laying eggs.

2. Technical points of caged flies

(1) determination of culture scale

The size of the farming scale is determined according to the expected daily output. Taking a farm with a daily output of 100 kg of fresh fly maggots as an example, the following aspects should be considered when designing the farm:

① adult feeding scale: every ten thousand housefly adults laid eggs during the egg peak period can produce 4 kg fresh maggots after 5-6 days. If they produce 100kg fresh maggots per day, it is necessary to raise 250000 adults in the peak spawning period. Considering the influence of other factors, the breeding scale of seed flies in one production unit should be at least 300000. If the elimination and renewal of seed flies is considered at the same time, a renewal cycle takes 4 days, so it is necessary to prepare two units of seed fly production scale in order to ensure a continuous supply of eggs needed to produce 100 kg of maggots per day.

The area needed for raising adults in ② at present, there are two methods of raising adults: cage culture and house culture. A room of 15 to 20 cubic meters can hold 0.5 cubic meters of fly cages 20 to 25, and the adults can meet the egg mass needed to produce 100 kilograms of maggots per day.