Culture technology of baby fish

Baby fish, commonly known as giant salamander, is a national second-class key protected wild animals. Chinese giant salamander except * *, Xizang, Inner Mongolia. Except for Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning and Taiwan, it is distributed in other provinces and autonomous regions, mainly in the mountains and rivers of the Yangtze River, the Yellow River and the tributaries of the middle and upper reaches of the Pearl River, especially in Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan, Guizhou, Shaanxi and other provinces. The giant salamander likes yin and is afraid of light, and its growth rate is slow. it takes 5 to 6 years for it to mature in wild conditions, weighs more than 500 grams, and at least 3 years to reach the commodity specification under artificial conditions. Moreover, it is difficult for giant salamander to breed artificially. Therefore, aquaculture is not common and is limited to a few farms in Jiangsu, Hubei, Guangdong and other places. However, in recent years, the culture of baby fish has received extensive attention, and it is a potential species of famous, special and excellent culture.

I. Design and construction of breeding grounds

According to the unique ecological habits of baby fish, the living habits and ecological environment suitable for the growth and development of baby fish should be considered in the design of culture pond.

(1) there are two kinds of culture ponds for baby fish culture, one is open-air culture pond, the other is civil air defense project and basement culture pond. Its structure is brick, cement, stone and concrete. The specific structural requirements are:

1. The requirements of the pool wall structure of the baby fish culture pond are: ① to cut off the water, so that it does not leak; ② is safe and firm, can withstand the pressure of the pool wall for four weeks and the pressure in the pool water, and the pool wall does not sink; ③ should have anti-escape facilities; ④ is cheap.

Doll fish culture pond walls are generally made of square stones, bricks or concrete, cement seams, and the pool walls should be smooth or pasted with cement paste.

The top of the pool wall should stick out 10 centimeters into him to prevent the baby fish from escaping.

2. The structure of the pond bottom the doll pond bottom is generally compacted with stones, with a thickness of 20cm to 30cm, then filled with small stone slag, and finally paved with concrete. In order to facilitate drainage, the bottom of the pool is tilted from all around to the center, with an inclination of about 2%, and then from the center to the outlet at one corner, with an inclination of about 1% to 1.5%.

3. The position of the inlet is based on the intake channel and opposite to the outlet is located at the corner of the pool. The water inlet should be higher than the pool wall, preferably 60 cm higher than the surface of the ground, and extend 20 cm into the pool. The water inlet material can be made of cement pipe or concrete, cast iron pipe and plastic pipe, no matter what material is used in the water inlet. Control facilities and filters must be installed. The control facility adopts a straight-through globe valve, and the size of the pipe diameter can be determined according to the amount of water required at the mouth of each kind of doll fish pond and the inlet pressure. The larval pool can be 100lu 300mm and the adult pool 300mm 500mm. The intake filter material should be made of stainless steel, and the same item should be determined according to the size of the doll fish pond.

(2) the construction of baby fish adult culture pond is an important environmental condition of baby fish culture and a key period in the stage of commercial culture of baby fish. In the adult stage, the resistance and adaptability of dollfish increased, while absconding and the law of the jungle also reached a peak. Therefore, adults are required according to their physiological characteristics at this stage. More than 5 are built so that they can be cultured separately according to individual size.

According to the actual situation in various places, the adult pool can be built indoors or in civil air defense projects, or outside. The area of the pool can reach 100 to 2000 square meters. The artificial Radian or cave area accounts for 2 × 3 of the adult pool area, and the Radian or cave size depends on the size of the adult tree. Outdoor pool construction, in addition to indoor adult requirements and facilities, shading facilities must be installed. Shade can be installed in various places according to the actual situation, requiring shade on the top of the pool and all around.

two。 Adult culture

Successful experience and technology have been obtained in adult culture in China, and the main culture methods are outdoor culture, basement, civil air defense engineering culture and industrial temperature control culture that we have developed. To sum up, it is mainly divided into still water culture and running water culture.

Natural baby fish is based on bait in the natural environment, so it grows slowly and generally needs 5 years old to reach adult. Artificial breeding of baby fish is to create a good ecological environment and provide nutritious feed. Generally speaking, it takes only 2 to 3 years of age to reach the adult stage.