Processing method of roughage for Dairy cows

Cut short the rough part of the lower part of the straw should be cut off, the upper part of the straw can be cut into 3-4 cm long grass section, the feeding effect is the best. Daily feed intake is about 2% higher than that of hay.

The mixed feeding of crushed straw and concentrate feed can increase feed intake and digestibility. Crushing roughage can accelerate feed emptying and increase feed intake. However, crushing roughage or cutting roughage for a short time, chewing and ruminating time, saliva secretion, feed residence time in rumen, roughage digestibility, ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid in rumen, pH value and milk fat rate will be reduced. it is not conducive to the health and milk production of dairy cows. Long roughage can maintain the structural layer of rumen content and stimulate rumen peristalsis, ruminating and saliva secretion. therefore, there should be at least 1 ~ 3 long roughage (2-5 cm) in the diet.

Soak the chopped roughage or blighted shell with water or soak it in 0.2% salt water. After 24 hours, the quality becomes soft, and then mixed with the mixture and bran, the palatability can be changed and the food intake can be increased.

Alkalization treatment will cut the straw into 3-4 cm long, spray 1.6% sodium hydroxide solution evenly on the straw to make it moist. After stacking for a few days, take it out and feed it directly to the cattle.

In the calcification method, the straw was soaked with 1% quicklime or 3% cooked lime milk, about 8-10 kg straw per 100 kg lime milk, and was taken out and fed directly to cattle in 12-24 hours. Or take 100 kg of chopped straw, mix 3 kg of quicklime or 4 kg of hydrated lime with 0.5-1.0 kg of salt and 200-250 kg of water, mix it well, place it on flat ground or on wood for 24-36 hours, and feed it directly to the cattle.

Ammoniation treatment one is anhydrous ammonia treatment, the water content of straw is adjusted to 30%, 40%, and a plastic pipe is installed at the height of 0.5 m to pass through ammonia water. The haystack is sealed with 0.5 mm thick plastic film, and the time varies according to the ambient temperature. Seal for 2-4 weeks when the temperature is 2 ℃. Dry after opening, feed after the smell of ammonia disappears. The second is ammonia water treatment, when the chopped straw is stacked into the pool (cellar), 3% concentrated ammonia water is evenly sprayed into the pit according to the proportion of straw weight at 1:1, and after filling the pool, it is covered and sealed with film. The sealing time depends on the ambient temperature. It takes 8 weeks for less than 5 ℃, 4-8 weeks for 5-15 ℃, 1-4 weeks for 15-30 ℃, and 1 week for more than 30 ℃. Then open the cellar to dry the straw and feed it. The ammoniation treatment of feed can increase the protein content of roughage by 4% Murray 6%, increase the daily feed intake by 16% Murray 60% on average, and improve the digestibility of straw organic matter. The disadvantage is that there is a large amount of ammonia loss, which is about 2 min and 3 ammonia after opening the cellar.