Efficient Culture technique of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus

I. Culture conditions

The breeding site should be as close to the water source as possible, the water quality is fresh and pollution-free, and the intake and drainage is convenient. The soil is neutral or slightly acidic clayey soil with plenty of sunshine, convenient transportation and guaranteed electricity. The aquaculture pond is long, with an area of 2-3 mu, a depth of 0.7-1 m and a water depth of 0.5-0.6 m. The soil on the pond wall should be rammed. The pond is surrounded by a net, the lower end of the net is buried in the hard soil, and the upper end is 20 cm above the water surface, which can effectively prevent Loach from escaping and enemy organisms from entering. The bottom of the pond is covered with 15-20 cm thick mud, the inlet is 20 cm above the water surface, and the outlet is set at the bottom of the pond and sealed at ordinary times. Barbed wire is used to prevent escape from the water inlet and outlet.

Second, stocking mode

1. Preparation before stocking: clean the Loach pond 10 days before releasing the Loach, plug the loophole, dredge the drainage pipe, plough the silt at the bottom of the pond, and then disinfect the pond with quicklime. Each mu of pond water depth of 10 cm with quicklime 70-80 kg, immediately after the formation of pulp, sprinkle evenly throughout the pond. After 3 days of clearing the pond, add 30 centimeters of water, apply 50 kilograms of dried chicken manure per mu, spread evenly in the pond, or concentrate 100 kilograms of pig, cow and sheep manure in the fish to ferment and rot, and fertilize properly according to the fat and thin water quality. The transparency of the water should be 20 cm and the soil at the bottom of the pool should not be visible.

2. Seedling stocking: in April, when the water temperature rises to more than 15 ℃, the stocking can be started, with 70-80 seedlings / kg per mu 1000-1500 kg, or 100,120 seedlings / kg 800-1000 kg. Loach species were disinfected with 3-5% salt water before stocking, and the washing time was 5-10 minutes. The specifications of the species of Loach stocked in the same pond should be uniform and tidy, and the specific amount of stocking should be flexibly controlled according to the pond and water quality conditions, the level of feeding and management, the specification of planned out of the pond and other factors.

III. Daily management

1. Feed feeding: Loach's appetite increases gradually when the water temperature is above 15 ℃, especially at 25-27 ℃. When the water temperature is more than 30 ℃ or less than 12 ℃, less or even stop feeding should be given. When the water temperature is below 20 ℃, plant bait is the main food, accounting for 60-70%; when the water temperature is 21-23 ℃, animal and plant bait each accounts for 50%; when the water temperature exceeds 24 ℃, plant bait should be reduced to 30-40%. The animal bait for Misgurnus anguillicaudatus are animal viscera, earthworms, small fish and so on. Plant food includes soybean meal, rapeseed meal, wheat bran, grain and so on. It is generally fed once a day in the morning and once in the afternoon, and the daily feeding amount is 4-10% of the body weight of Loach. Bait should be controlled flexibly according to water quality, weather and food intake, so that there is no leftover food or slightly leftover food in the early morning of the next day. Bait should be fixed at a fixed time, fixed point, qualitative and quantitative. General breeding 4 months or so can be harvested, if the market is good can be harvested in advance, and then release the next crop of Loach.

2. Water quality control: the quality of water quality in culture ponds is very important to the growth and development of Loach. The pond water color should be yellowish green, and the transparency should be 20-30 cm. When the water color changes to tea brown or dark brown or the dissolved oxygen in the water is less than 2 mg / L, new water should be injected in time and part of the old water should be replaced to increase the dissolved oxygen in the pool water and avoid stress reaction in Loach. Fertilizer is usually applied every 15 days, with about 15 kg of organic fertilizer per mu each time. According to the specific situation of water color, 1.5 kg of urea or 2.5 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per mu should be applied each time to keep the pond water yellowish green.

IV. Key measures

It is mainly necessary to strengthen pond patrol and patrol the pond three times a day in the morning, in the middle and in the evening, one is to check the dam, plug the loopholes, keep the water level, and prevent floating head and flooding pond; the second is to observe the feeding, activity and disease of Loach, clean the food field and remove the leftover bait in time; the third is to prevent snakes and ducks from entering the pond to harm Loach; fourth, organic fertilizer is often used to keep the pond water fat, alive and cool. Fifth, build a sunshade on the fish in summer and spend the winter in shallow water or drainage. Chlorine dioxide was disinfected every two weeks from June to October, quicklime was sprinkled in the whole pool once a month, and microecological agents could be used in combination. When the weather is muggy, the air pressure is low, thunder showers or days of overcast and rain, you should pay attention to observe whether adult Loach is floating. If the floating head is serious, new water should be injected in time to make a good breeding record.