Feeding techniques of quail for eggs

Quail belongs to special economic poultry, which has the advantages of fast growth, early maturity, more eggs, less material consumption, short production cycle and so on. Quail meat is rich in nutrition, rich in protein, iron, calcium and phosphorus, known as the treasure of game; quail eggs are rich in lecithin, brain lecithin and hormones, and the protein molecular particles of quail eggs are smaller than egg protein molecular particles and easier to digest and absorb. It has a special effect on allergies and gastrointestinal diseases, and has a special nutritional effect on the human nervous system. Quail meat, eggs and blood can be used as medicine. A female quail can begin to lay when it grows to the age of 45-50 days. it lays 200-300 eggs a year, or 2.4-3 kg, and the average laying rate is more than 80%. Each quail consumes only 0.75 kg from shell to egg, and only 20-25 grams per day, 9 kg for the whole year, the ratio of feed to egg is 2.6-2.7, the hatching period of quail is only 17 days, and the quail can reproduce all the year round. Raising quail has high comprehensive benefit and stable market. at present, the domestic feeding quantity is second only to chickens and ducks.

First, the living habits of quails

1. Quails like a warm and dry environment, below 15 degrees Celsius and above 30 degrees Celsius, the laying rate decreases, and the optimum temperature for laying eggs is 20-22 degrees Celsius.

two。 Quails are timid and easy to be frightened, so the breeding room should be quiet. At present, they are all kept in cages. The height of the cage is 15-25 cm, so as to avoid head injuries when taking off when frightened.

3. Quail has rapid growth and development and short life span. It is only 78 grams at hatching, and the weight of sexual maturity can reach 120 grams at 45-50 days.

2. Breeding of quails

1. The choice of breeding quail. Both male and female breeding quails should choose quails that are within three generations, well developed, disease-free, weighing more than 120 grams and full-bodied. The seminal vesicle of the red ball above the anus of the male quail is large and bright red; the female quail has a large abdominal volume, with three fingers wide between the free end of the pubis and the posterior end of the sternum and two fingers wide between the left and right pubic bones. Male and female quails are reared in cages at 1:3 and mate naturally.

two。 Hatching. Within one week of production, the breeding eggs with obvious spots, moderate size and normal egg shape were sterilized and placed upwards at 25 degrees Celsius for 6-8 hours before hatching.

The incubation management is as follows:

A, temperature: the principle of "high in the early stage, flat in the middle stage and low in the later stage" should be carried out in the hatching process of quail eggs, and the temperature should be kept between 38 and 39 degrees Celsius flexibly according to the hatching season, external temperature and embryo development.

B, relative humidity: the relative humidity in the incubator is maintained at 60-65%. The humidity can be increased to 80% the day before coming out of the shell.

C, ventilation: the embryo requires less oxygen in the early stage, more in the later stage, less in winter and more in summer. The vents should be opened regularly for ventilation in the first 8 days of incubation, and the next 8 days should be changed frequently.

④ egg turning: from the egg breeder's hatching to the 2-3 days before hatching, the egg is turned 4-12 times every day and night.

D, cold eggs: open the incubator door, lower the egg temperature, each cold egg combined with the specific situation to grasp flexibly, with eyelids to test the temperature to feel a little cool.

E, egg inspection: the first photo is carried out 5-7 days after hatching to eliminate azoospermic eggs and dead embryo eggs, and the second photo is carried out 12-13 days after hatching.

F, hatching: drop the plate when hatching for 15 days, take the eggs out of the egg plate and put them out of the chick plate, increase the humidity of the incubator to 80% until the chicks are hatched, and the newborn quail can be taken out after the hair is dry.

III. Cultivation of nestling quail

The rearing period of quail is 30 days. After the newborn quail hair is dried, it can be put into the brood rearing device, and the feeding management is as follows:

1. Keep warm. The temperature of brooding is maintained at 37-36 degrees Celsius at the first day of age, 36-35 degrees Celsius at the age of 7-14 days, 34 degrees Celsius at the age of 15-20 days, 1 degree Celsius per day after 20 days of age, and no longer using heat preservation equipment when it is reduced to 27 degrees Celsius. Move to 22-27 degrees Celsius at room temperature. Brooding insulation equipment can be used to raise young umbrellas, can also use ordinary light bulbs, electric mattresses, warm water bags and other heat sources.

two。 Drink water. The nestling quail drinks water within 24 hours after coming out of its shell. Generally, the nestling quail can drink water when it is put into the incubator. It is best to drink 0.01% potassium permanganate water, and then drink cold boiled water. Once drinking water, it can not be interrupted.

3. Feed. The chicks can start eating 1 hour after drinking water, and feed at the age of 1-3 days. Add 1 gram of yeast powder to 100 cornmeal and start feeding with ingredients containing 27-28% protein on the 2nd day. Gradually changed into quail feed after 4 days of age. Young quails that can't feed should be trained by sprinkling feed on paper or non-toxic plastic film, putting them on top, and gently tapping the paper or plastic film with their hands to induce them to eat. The formula for quail chicks can be as follows: 52% corn meal, 27% bean cake, 5% wheat bran, 10% fish meal, 5% leaf meal, 1% bone meal, plus 10 grams of vitamins. At the age of 1-7 days, 6-8 times a day, and then gradually reduced to 4 times, to ensure that the material will not be cut off and keep watering.