New techniques of cylindrical high-yield cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus

In the traditional Pleurotus ostreatus bag planting method, the mushroom bag after the two tide mushrooms is seriously dehydrated and short of fertilizer, and then the soaking method is used to replenish water and fertilizer, which is not only troublesome to transport, but also difficult to control the water in the bag, and it is difficult to absorb water and fertilizer once supplied to the mycelium. If the concentration of nutrient solution is too high, it will also cause water in the mycelium to reverse osmosis and produce fertilizer damage. Compared with the traditional bag cultivation method, the new high-yield cultivation technology of Pleurotus ostreatus has many advantages: first, the contact surface between culture material and air is small, which reduces pollution and water evaporation, and avoids the disadvantages of high pollution rate and difficult water conservation in the traditional bag cultivation method; second, it saves the tedious process of soaking bags and replenishing water, which greatly reduces the labor cost. Third, the mycelium can selectively absorb nutrients from the soil through ion exchange, so as to completely eradicate the negative effect caused by directly replenishing water and fertilizer to the mycelium. Fourth, the mushroom body is clean, does not touch the soil, the quality is good, the price is high. Fifth, the mushroom production period is long, the yield is high, and 6-7 tide mushrooms can be harvested in one cultivation. The specific cultivation techniques are introduced as follows:

Material selection and bagging. The materials are selected, proportioned and mixed according to the conventional bag planting method, and the temperature is low in winter, so it can be cultivated with raw materials. Cut the tube material 40 cm wide into 75 cm long, first tie one end of the tube film into a bag, and the other end stand upright in the middle of the bag on the ground with a bamboo tube with a diameter of 10 cm and a length of 40 cm. Then first sprinkle a layer of bacteria on the bottom of the bag and then load it, and when the material is 10 cm high, sprinkle two circles of bacteria around the bamboo tube and the periphery of the bag wall to form two concentric circles. Sow a layer of bacteria in the same way when the material is 20 cm high. When the material is 30cm high, sprinkle a layer of bacteria on the whole material surface, pull out the bamboo tube and fasten the mouth of the bag, that is, form a large bacteria plate with three layers of material and four layers of bacteria 30cm high.

The culture of mycelium. The culture room was disinfected with 2% Mui 3% Lysol spray in advance, and 40% dichlorvos 400 times diluent spray was used to kill insects. Then close the doors and windows for 24 hours, open the windows the next day for ventilation, and sprinkle a layer of lime powder on the ground. The bacteria plate is moved into the culture room, and the bacteria are stacked in the shape of "product". The general code is 3-4 layers. When the temperature is low in winter, the temperature increases with plastic film mulching. During the germicidal period, 2% Mel 3% Lysol solution was alternately sprayed into the air every 4-5 days to disinfect the air. When the hyphae began to germinate, the doors and windows were opened for 30 minutes every morning and evening. Turn over the pile when the hyphae at both ends of the plate are thick white and two thick white circles appear in the middle, and make a small opening with a knife at each end. When rebuilding the stack, the bacterial disk turns up and down, and when stacking, the central hole of the upper bacterial plate is aimed at the gap between the four lower bacterial plates to facilitate ventilation. During the whole inoculation period, about 35 days in winter, the hyphae can be filled with bacterial bags, and the pile will be turned over not less than 3 times during this period.

The construction of the bacterial column. After the mycelium has penetrated, the fungus plate can be moved into the mushroom room to build the fungus column. First, untie the film at the upper end of the bottom bacterial plate, roll it around, expose the entire upper bacterial surface, sprinkle a layer of fine fluvo-aquic soil about 1 cm thick, and then roll the thin film at both ends of the above bacterial plate around to expose the bacterial surface. Then stack 4-5 layers high face to face according to the hole to hole, and lay a layer of fine fluvo-aquic soil about 1 cm thick at the contact between each two layers Finally, the top of the bacterial column is covered with fine fluvo-aquic soil about two centimeters thick, the hole in the center of the bacterial column is filled with fine fluvo-aquic soil, and a pot-shaped water storage pit is made in the middle of the bacterial column, and the bacterial column is completed. In this way, several rows of bacterial columns are built one by one in the mushroom house, and the row spacing is determined by the convenience of operation.