A brief discussion on the rational use of Feed components for Piglet

The nutrition of piglets is the basis of the whole growing period. As the digestive system, intestinal microecosystem and immune system of piglets are in the stage of rapid development and maturity, feed nutrition directly affects the establishment of digestive tract physiology and ecological environment, normal growth and development, nutritional utilization and so on. According to these characteristics, the feed of piglets must promote the improvement of digestion, immunity and microecological function of piglets as soon as possible, ensure that piglets pass the weaning period smoothly and prevent diarrhea of piglets, so as to improve the growth and survival of piglets. lay a good foundation for future growth. Therefore, the selection of reasonable piglet feed plays a very important role in the physiological development and growth of piglets. 1. Rational use of energy raw materials Energy feed includes grains high in carbohydrates, simple sugars and oils. The diet of piglets should maintain a higher level of energy and a lower level of crude fiber, with a general digestible energy of 14.7 ~ 15.5 MJ / kg and a crude fiber of no more than 4%. High quality corn is the main energy feed for piglets. In the production, some people think that after the corn is expanded, the starch in it is gelatinized and the utilization rate of starch is improved. Adding fat to the diet of weaned piglets will cause atrophy and shedding of jejunal villi, reduce the secretion and absorption area of enzymes in the small intestine, and affect the digestion and absorption of the small intestine. The addition of fat had no significant effect on the growth performance of piglets 2 weeks after weaning, but it was effective after 2 weeks, and high protein level must be maintained at the same time. Therefore, the addition of fat should be reduced in the weaning transition material, while about 3% fat can be added to the weaned piglet feed. Piglets have a higher utilization rate of simple carbohydrates. Whey powder is a good feed raw material for the preparation of piglet diets, with the advantage of providing lactose. Studies have shown that the appropriate addition of whey powder in early weaning feed is 10-20%, and the appropriate amount should be reduced in weaned piglets. Because the secretion of lactase in piglets gradually decreases over time, but a larger part of lactose in the diet of weaned piglets can be used for lactic acid bacteria fermentation, thus producing more lactic acid and promoting intestinal health of piglets. Sucrose has high sweetness and palatability, and piglets can use a certain amount of sucrose. 2. The rational use of high-quality protein raw materials, in the gastrointestinal tract of piglets, is quickly degraded into short peptides and quickly absorbed. Piglets are rich in protein feed sources, such as fish meal, plasma protein meal, soybean protein, expanded soybean meal and so on. Piglets have a high demand for protein, which requires the use of protein raw materials that are easy to digest. The demand for protein is essentially the demand for amino acids, and the composition of amino acids in the protein determines the quality of the protein, so we should pay attention to the proportion of various essential amino acids. 3. Rational use of additives the rational use of additives in feed (flavoring agents, immune enhancers, enzyme preparations, vitamins, trace elements, etc.) plays a very important role in the healthy growth of piglets. Adding a certain proportion of sour additives to the feed can have a significant effect on piglets: increase the palatability of the feed, increase the feed intake of piglets, reduce the pH value of the diet and make the gastrointestinal tract acidic; it can combine with a variety of essential elements needed by piglets to form complexes that can be better absorbed and utilized by the body. Trace elements such as iron, zinc and selenium are essential life elements for piglets. Although they are few in animals, they play a very important role in the biochemical process. They maintain the metabolic process of life as the components of enzymes, vitamins and nucleic acids, and are the main sources of trace elements in piglets. In addition, zinc, copper, selenium, vitamin E and biotin are also key to preventing diarrhea in weaned piglets. The addition of protease and amylase to feed can make up for the lack of endogenous digestive enzymes and improve the utilization rate of protein and carbohydrates, and the addition of exogenous enzymes such as cellulose decomposing enzyme and xylanase can improve the digestibility of oligosaccharides which can not be decomposed by animals, and can degrade anti-nutritional factors, reduce intestinal viscosity, promote digestion and absorption of nutrients, and eliminate indigestion.