Breeding prospect and feeding technology of hedgehog

Economic value of hedgehog:

Hedgehog skin, also known as Yixiang, fairy clothes, is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine; for the treatment of infantile enuresis, impotence, spermatorrhea, epigastric pain, uterine bleeding, hematochezia, hemorrhoids, enuresis, cervical lymph node tuberculosis and so on. The heart, brain, liver, gallbladder, kidney and fat of hedgehog can also be used as medicine, and its meat is still a rare game delicacy.

Hedgehog culture techniques:

First, the introduction of hedgehogs:

(1) introduction from nature, domestication and domestication of hedgehogs. The number of wild hedgehogs is decreasing every year. Therefore, artificial culture can not only solve people's medicinal and edible needs, but also protect the natural resources of hedgehogs. In addition, artificial breeding equipment is simple, feeding and management is simple, and the economic benefit is good, so it is a promising breeding project.

(2) domestic hedgehogs should have one male and one female nest, usually have natural estrus from April to May, give birth to 1 to 2 births a year, and hedgehogs at the age of 2 and 4 years old have the ability to reproduce. The female hedgehog is restless during estrus and has vaginal secretions. The pregnancy period is about 60 days. Each fetus gives birth to 4 babies, with a maximum of 8 babies. Hedgehog gain weight after 35 days of fertilization, slow movement after 45 days, mild perineal edema, looking for grass to make a nest before delivery. The newly born hedgehog has soft thorns and no hair. About 20 hours later, the soft thorns stand up and make a squeak. The birth weight of the hedgehog was 13 ~ 15g. The soft thorns hardened at 3 days after birth, and gradually increased. At 10 days old, the hedgehogs opened their eyes, developed teeth and could walk at 20 days old, could eat about 30 days old, and the lactation period was 40-50 days. The average body weight of 3-month-old hedgehog can reach 320,350g, and the average monthly weight gain is about 100g. Between lactation and 100 days after lactation, it is the fastest growing stage of hedgehog, which should be carefully managed to ensure and improve the quality and width of skin.

(3) attention should be paid to the elimination of parasites in vivo and in vitro during introduction. External parasites, mainly hard ticks, itch mites and scabies mites and so on. Hard ticks are dark brown and can be caught manually; itching mites make the skin appear powdery white spots and dandruff; scabies mites make the skin form yellow scabs. Treatment can be treated with 0.05% "propargite" bath, 3-5 minutes each time, 7 days apart, 3 times in a row, or regular intramuscular injection of ivermectin with a dosage of 0.2 ml per kilogram of body weight, which is effective not only for killing mites, but also for ticks and pterygoid nematodes. Internal parasites, mainly vesicular pterygoid nematodes and sparganum. The bubble wing nematode parasites in the duodenum of the hedgehog, causing the hedgehog to vomit, sometimes with blood and black thin feces. The patients were treated with thiapyrimidine diacid with an oral dose of 5mg / kg body weight. From then on, the worms will be dewormed regularly once or twice a year. Sparganum parasites in the small intestine of hedgehogs, mild infection generally does not show clinical symptoms, severe infection, animal loss of appetite, diarrhea and fecal secretion occur alternately. The patients were treated with praziquantel 5 ~ 10 mg / kg body weight, or arecoline hydrobromide 2 ~ 5 mg / kg body weight, orally once, and then twice a year as preventive deworming.

II. Construction and preparation of hedgehog farm

According to the habit that hedgehogs like to live alone, it is appropriate to raise hedgehogs in pairs and, if possible, try to raise them in a multi-male and multi-female way. The following barn conditions are based on paired feeding.

The form of the circle is closed, and it is best to sit north and face south. With a brick wall, there is a door to the playground in the south and a window in the east. The cement floor covers an area of 2 square meters and the wall is 1.8 m high. The top is capped with the same iron net as the fence. Plant some trees on the west side of the playground. A wooden box is placed in the circle and in the playground to facilitate its rest.

The above scheme takes into account the management of breeders, so the height is 1.8m. Another option is that the breeders work outside the circle, so the enclosure does not have to be so high. Specifically: enclosure area of 2 square meters, cement floor, brick walls, no windows. Height 80cm, ceiling for plank. Make a 30cm~30cm lid on the ceiling board for cleaning and feeding. There is a 25cm × 20cm hole in the house leading to the playground. The area of the sports ground is 4 square meters, the height is 80cm, and the fence ceiling and iron net are the same as the above scheme. Just open a 30cm × 30cm movable cover in the middle of the roof for cleaning, feeding and other management.

III. Feeding, management and breeding techniques of hedgehog

Hedgehogs are omnivorous in wild conditions, mainly insects and other animal foods. Under the condition of artificial feeding, both animal food and plant food can be fed to see what they like and what they don't like. But also depends on the effect, whether the hedgehog is healthy, mental, and whether the feces are normal. If everything is good and can reproduce, the feed meets its needs. At this point, an approximate feed table can be developed. Under artificial feeding conditions, animal feed can try to feed minced beef, mutton, camel meat, silkworm pupa, locusts, bread worms, etc., and can add some milk, vitamins, calcium, salt and other trace elements. The key is to take measures in accordance with local conditions, depending on the specific situation. Plant feed can be fed to Wotou steamed with various melons, vegetables and grains, mixed noodles, or mixed noodles with pellet feed and raw noodles. The amount of feed also needs to be groped for some time before it can be determined. In addition, hedgehogs are typical nocturnal animals, sleeping soundly during the day and looking for food at night. Therefore, the feeding time should be in the evening, after it is used to artificial breeding, and then gradually advance the time to 3-4 pm.

In winter, the temperature in the enclosure must be kept above 10-15 ℃ to keep the hedgehog from hibernating. If there are no conditions for heat preservation, you can spread some clay or straw in the circle before winter. Hedgehogs will dig holes by themselves and go into hibernation so that they can go into hibernation all winter. When the hedgehog wakes up in the early spring, the hedgehog will come out of the hole. Then the mound should be cleaned up, disinfected once, and replaced with some new straw. When the summer temperature is more muggy than 32 ℃, water should be sprayed around the enclosure to cool down, or a temporary Arbor should be built on its small roof.

After the beginning of spring is the time for hedgehogs to mate, more observation should be made. If female hedgehogs are found to be mating and pregnant, they should be temporarily raised alone, and the male hedgehogs should be moved elsewhere, so as to increase nutrition for the female hedgehogs and prevent the interference of the male hedgehogs. Two months after delivery, the hedgehogs can be raised separately.

Natural enemies mainly guard against the invasion of weasels, and the purse seine of the sports ground must be able to block the entry of weasels.

Hedgehog is a mammal hedgehog with a body length of 22 cm, a tail length of 2 cm, a wide head, a pointed snout and short ears (no more than the length of spines). Hedgehog skin can be used as medicine, has the effect of reducing qi and relieving pain, cooling blood and hemostasis, mainly for nausea vomiting, abdominal pain, hernia, intestinal hemorrhoid leakage and so on. Its heart, liver and kidney can also be used medicinally.

Hedgehogs live in bushes and near villages on the outskirts of the city. Xi Jing, afraid of light and noise, day and night, sensitive sense of smell. The hibernation period is as long as half a year, with a large amount of food in spring, summer and autumn, and rapid weight gain. The food is mainly insects, but also eat young birds, bird eggs, frogs, lizards and melons.

Raising hedgehogs can simulate the wild living environment and build indoor and outdoor connected gardens. Indoor summer heat prevention and cooling, winter snow frost anti-freezing, indoor nests for hedgehog quiet habitat. There is a shading shelter outdoors, and shrubs and weeds can be planted on the ground, mounds or rockery to allow hedgehogs to feed and move. The feeding room is about 4 square meters and the outdoor room is about 10 square meters.

The above is for reference only.