Grafting technique of balsam pear onto towel gourd

After grafting, balsam pear has strong growth, robust growth, increased moisture tolerance, enhanced adaptability to temperature, long harvest time, high yield, large melon and good quality. By selecting suitable rootstocks, grafting can play a role in resistance to vine blight and blight, and has a certain tolerance to root nodule nematodes. Some management measures of balsam pear grafting are basically the same as those of other melons, which can be used for reference; the cultivation management of grafting refers to the above cultivation techniques (but the interface can not be in contact with the soil). There are many grafting methods of balsam pear, the following only introduces a few methods that are easy to carry out in production for reference.

1. Selection of rootstocks: balsam pear grafted rootstocks should generally choose towel gourd, especially the long towel gourd with vigorous growth. two。 Grafting methods: (1) grafting method: full, disease-free pumpkin (or towel gourd) and balsam pear seeds were selected, disinfected, soaked and germinated, then sowed together in a plastic nutrition bowl of 10 cm × 10 cm × 8 cm, and grafted at 26 ℃ for about 10 days. At this time, the seedling has grown a true leaf, and the second true leaf has not yet unfolded. On the Hypocotyl facing the rootstock and scion, gently cut the cut of about 1/3 or 1/4 of the young stem and 1 cm long with a very sharp knife at 1.5cm below the cotyledon, then lean the incision of the rootstock and scion together, clamp it with grafting clip, and keep it warm, moisturized and shaded after grafting. After 10 days of grafting, the interface has basically healed, and the root of the scion can be cut off. The seedlings can be planted 25 or 30 days after grafting. (2) tongue-like grafting: after soaking seeds and accelerating germination, the seedlings of balsam pear and towel gourd can be connected with tongue after sowing for about 10 days (1 true leaf unfolds, when the second true leaf is not unfolded). When grafting, raise the balsam pear and towel gourd seedlings from the seedling bed (with less root injury), select the seedlings of the same size and seedling height, in the hypocotyls 1.5 cm below the cotyledons of balsam pear seedlings. The knife edge is cut upward with an oblique depth of about half a centimeter, showing a tongue-shaped incision; a tongue-shaped incision is also cut in the corresponding position on the towel gourd Hypocotyl, but the incision is downward, and the depth is about half a centimeter. Then the incisions of balsam pear and towel gourd were chimerized, and the grafted seedlings of balsam pear and towel gourd were planted in a seedling bowl or seedling bed. This method has a high survival rate and has been adopted by most producers. (3) Top-split grafting: towel gourd sowed 5-7 days earlier than balsam pear. When towel gourd grows to 3 true leaves. Remove the towel gourd growth point and 2 true leaves, leave one true leaf, aim at the top of the towel gourd young stem between the two cotyledons, cut down a cut of about 1 cm deep, can not completely split in half, only split the half of the young stem. Balsam pear seedlings to remove the root, in the lower half of the cotyledons cut down into a wedge, the incision length of about 1 cm or slightly shorter than the towel gourd incision. Insert the cut balsam pear scion into the towel gourd incision and clamp it with a grafting clip. It can also be carried out when the towel gourd rootstock grows a true leaf, remove the growing point and true leaf of towel gourd, leave only 2 cotyledons, cut half of the Hypocotyl in the middle of 2 cotyledons, and the cut is about 1 cm long. The balsam pear scion is cut into a wedge, then inserted into the towel gourd incision and clamped with a grafting clip. The top-split grafting method is easier to operate, but the survival rate is not as good as that of grafting. (4) Top-split grafting: this method is similar to top-split grafting, except that the rootstock leaves no real leaves, only 1 cotyledon, and cuts between the two cotyledons. Balsam pear continuous root, but in the cotyledon node 1 cm upward oblique cut tongue-shaped, so that the tongue-shaped incision of balsam pear into the towel gourd incision, and clip the incision, balsam pear oblique planting beside towel gourd.

This technique can effectively control soil-borne diseases (Fusarium wilt, bacterial wilt, etc.), the growth potential is consistent, the harvest time is prolonged, the yield of balsam pear is increased, and the problem of continuous cropping of balsam pear is solved.