A promising rare edible mushroom-- Pleurotus ferulae

White ferula mushroom is a white variety of pleurotus eryngii, also known as white mushroom, white mushroom, is a very promising rare edible fungi.

The fruiting body of white ferula mushroom is not only white and clear, the flesh is plump, the texture is delicate, crisp and tender, the taste is good, but also the nutrition is rich, and has the medical care function. According to the analysis of the National Food Quality Supervision and Inspection Center, the protein content of white ferula mushroom is as high as 14.7%, and it contains 18 kinds of amino acids, among which 8 kinds of amino acids essential for human body are complete.

Because the wild white ferula mushroom grows on the traditional Chinese medicine ferula plant, it has the similar medical curative effect with the traditional Chinese medicine ferula, has the effects of eliminating stagnation, clearing away heat and toxic materials, treating gastropathy, typhoid fever and the like, and contains fungal polysaccharide, which can enhance the immune function of human body. Its unsaturated fatty acids combine with cholesterol in human blood to form cholesterol fat, which has the effect of lowering blood pressure and preventing arteriosclerosis; vitamin D is the first choice for preventing rickets, rickets and osteoporosis in children and middle-aged people.

Artificial domestication and cultivation of white mushroom began in 1958. China began cultivation and domestication in 1983. Because white ferula mushroom grows on such plants as celery, ferula, broadleaf lasergrass, etc., it is both parasitic and necrotic, so it is difficult to cultivate. However, through the efforts of scientists and mushroom farmers, large-scale cultivation can be carried out, and the biological conversion rate reaches 30%~60%.

The culture medium of white ferula mushroom comes from many sources, mainly agricultural and forestry by-products. Most of them are rich in lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose, which provide the substances needed for the growth of white ferula mushroom. At the same time, adding other auxiliary raw materials into the culture medium can better meet the needs of the growth and development of the white ferula mushroom. Commonly used raw materials are hardwood sawdust, cottonseed hull, bagasse, corn (2351,-4.00,-0.17%) core and other agricultural and sideline products waste. The auxiliary materials used mainly include bran, corn flour, gypsum, calcium superphosphate, calcium carbonate, yeast powder, sucrose, etc. Henan province is rich in raw materials for cultivating white ferula mushroom.

The optimum temperature for mycelium growth was 25℃~28℃, and stopped at 35℃~36℃. The differentiation temperature of fruiting body of Pleurotus ferulae was 0℃~15℃, and the fruiting body could grow at 5℃~18℃. The fruiting body grew faster and had better quality at 13℃~15℃. Our province is located in the suitable growth area of white ferula mushroom, the climatic conditions and resource status are suitable for cultivation of white ferula mushroom. The white ferula mushroom produced in our province has the characteristics of thick mushroom quality and white mushroom color, which is welcomed by merchants and consumers.

Cultivation of white ferula has high economic benefits. There are many raw materials that can be used to cultivate white mushroom, and the cost is also different. The cost of cultivating white ferula mushroom with cottonseed hull as main material is 2017.6 yuan per 1000 kg of material. According to the average biological efficiency of 50%, 500 kg of fresh white ferula mushroom can be produced. The market price of white ferula mushroom is relatively high, reaching 20~60 yuan per kilogram. According to 20 yuan per kilogram, the income can be 500 kg ×20 yuan/kg = 10,000 yuan, after deducting the cost of 2017.6 yuan, the net income can be 7982.4 yuan. If each household inputs 2000 kg, the net income can be 15964.8 yuan. It can be seen that planting white mushroom has obvious economic benefits and is a good project to adjust rural industrial structure and farmers to get rid of poverty and become rich.

With the rapid development of China's economy and the increase of foreign trade after China's accession to the WTO, the demand for white ferula mushroom will expand year by year. Coupled with the rich nutrition and health care of white ferula mushroom and the high efficiency of planting, the cultivation of white ferula mushroom will have broad prospects for development.