Video of Chinese yam planting technology

Abstract: Chinese yam, also known as Dioscorea zingiberensis and taro, belongs to the family Dioscoreaceae, which is eaten with its hypertrophic tuber root or cylindrical root. The root tuber contains 1.5% protein, 14.4% carbohydrates, a variety of vitamins and choline, etc., and has high nutritional value. Chinese yam is a perennial perennial root trailing plant, which likes warmth and is not resistant to cold. The root tuber begins to sprout at more than 10 ℃, and the optimum stem and leaf growth is 25 ℃ ~ 28 ℃.

Chinese yam, also known as Dioscorea zingiberensis and taro, belongs to the family Dioscorea, with its hypertrophic tuberous root or cylindrical root for consumption. Root tuber contains 1.5% protein, 14.4% carbohydrates, and contains a variety of vitamins and choline, etc., with high nutritional value. Chinese yam is a perennial perennial root trailing plant, which likes warmth and is not cold-tolerant. The tuber begins to sprout at more than 10 ℃, the optimum stem and leaf growth is 25 ℃ ~ 28 ℃, and the tuber expands fastest at 20 ℃ ~ 24 ℃. Chinese yam is cultivated in all provinces and regions except Northeast and Northwest China.

Land selection

Select the sandy loam or loam field with high dry terrain, good drainage, deep and soft soil layer, which requires the consistency of the upper and lower soil quality. if there is a thin clay layer in the lower layer, it can also be planted when digging ditches. The soil should be slightly acidic to neutral. Yam should not be cropped continuously and should be rotated once every 3 years.

Trench and prepare land

According to the row spacing of 1m, the long root varieties dug deep ditches in the north-south direction in the field, with wide 28~30cm and deep 140cm. When digging, the upper and lower layers of soil are stacked on both sides of the ditch, and the sand of 20cm at the bottom of the ditch is dug up on the spot. After drying for a few days, first step on the bottom soil, and then fill it into the lower soil and upper soil respectively. Every time you fill the 20cm, you should pick up all the debris. In order to facilitate the trench, it is usually excavated at an alternate line, and after half of the ditch is filled, the remaining half of the ditch is dug.

Seed block treatment

The hard upper end of the diseased tuber root which accords with the characteristics of the planted variety was selected 20-25 days before planting, and its lower section was dipped in hydrated lime powder, and then put in the sun for a few days to sterilize and promote germination. Root propagation can not expand the planting area, if you want to increase the reproduction coefficient, the root must be cut off to propagate. That is, the thinner root of 2.5~4.5cm with a length of about 1m and transverse diameter is divided into several small segments of 15~20cm length, and the upper and lower ends are marked with a brush, then each section is dipped in lime and sunburned horizontally until there are fine cracks at the end of the section. Handle gently during the sowing period to prevent bruising. At the same time, we should do a good job in preventing wind, rain and frost.

Planting method

Planting when the local air temperature rises to more than 12 ℃ and the ground temperature reaches more than 10 ℃. Most of them are in late April in North China, in the early and middle of April in the Yangtze River Basin, and from March to April in South China. Before planting, it is necessary to dig a deep trench around the field, which is about 1 m deep and 0.6-0.8 m wide, and communicates with the outer ditch. Waist grooves should be added if the field length is more than 20m to ensure rapid drainage in the rainy season. Then pull the rope in the center of the planting row, open a shallow ditch along the rope according to the row spacing of 1m, deep 5.6cm, and drill holes one by one with 10~12cm thick steel bars in the ditch to go deep into the bottom of the loose soil layer. The upper end of the seed potato is placed horizontally on the mouth of the hole along the trench to guide the new root tuber to extend vertically, grow evenly, and meet the standards of export and acquisition. After a ditch is discharged, the soil is covered and ridged, and the ridge is high 10cm.