The efficacy and function of leech

Abstract: leeches are commonly known as leeches, and leech preparations have special effects in the prevention and treatment of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and anti-cancer. Growing and breeding in inland freshwater waters is a traditional special medicinal aquatic animal in China. After its dried products are processed in traditional Chinese medicine, wild natural resources are sharply reduced. With the in-depth development of the medicinal value of leeches, its market demand potential is huge.

Leech commonly known as leech, leech preparation has a special effect in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and anti-cancer. Growing and breeding in inland freshwater waters is a traditional special medicinal aquatic animal in China. After its dried products are processed in traditional Chinese medicine, wild natural resources are sharply reduced. With the in-depth development of the medicinal value of leeches, its market demand potential is huge. It has the effects of treating stroke, hypertension, clearing blood stasis, amenorrhea, falling injury and so on.

The efficacy of leeches

Break blood, remove blood stasis, and promote menstruation. Treatment of blood storage, pain, accumulation, women with amenorrhea, dry blood consumption, fall injury, eye pain, cloud nebula.

① Benjing: the Lord expels evil blood, blood stasis, moon closure, blood accumulation, childless, and benefit waterways.

② "Don't record": abortion.

③ "Materia Medica": people suffer from red and white rash and carbuncle swelling, take more than a dozen to eat the disease, take skin wrinkle meat white, all the same.

④ "Materia Medica derives meaning": to treat injuries and fractures.

The function of leeches

1. Anticoagulant effect. Hirudin can prevent blood clotting, so it has the effect of anti-thrombosis.

2. Thrombolysis. Hirudin has the effect of anti-platelet aggregation and thrombolysis caused by thrombin. Hirudin is a methanol extract, which can activate the chemical fibrinolytic system in vitro and in vivo, and the salivary gland secretion of leech has a strong antithrombotic effect after intravenous injection in rats.

3. The effect of Hangzhou platelet. Hirudin can inhibit the binding of thrombin to platelets, promote the dissociation of thrombin and platelets, inhibit the release of platelets stimulated by thrombin and the response induced by thrombin.

4. The effect on hemorheology. When the leech extract was given to animals at a dose of 0.45g / kg, the blood viscosity was reduced and the erythrocyte electrophoresis time was shortened. Oral administration of leech decoction could also reduce the whole blood specific viscosity, plasma specific viscosity, hematocrit and fibrinogen content of rats with abnormal hemorheology.

5. Hypolipidemic effect. For rabbits with diet-induced hyperlipidemia, administration of 1 g of hirudin powder per day could reduce the contents of cholesterol and triglyceride in blood, lighten the lesions of aorta and coronary artery, and disappear plaques obviously. Collagen fibers proliferated and cholesterol crystals decreased.

6. Influence on cardiovascular function. Intraperitoneal injection of hirudin 30g / kg could significantly increase the ability of myocardial 86Rb uptake in mice, indicating that it could increase myocardial nutritional blood flow.

7. Termination of pregnancy. Wide-body golden thread leech can terminate the early, middle and late pregnancy in mice. Leech decoction 2.5 × 3g / kg, subcutaneously injected twice on the first, sixth or tenth day of pregnancy, had a very significant effect on terminating pregnancy in mice.

8. The effect on experimental cerebral hematoma and subcutaneous hematoma. The extract of leech can promote the absorption of experimental cerebral hematoma in rabbits. The experimental results show that leech can promote the absorption of cerebral hematoma and subcutaneous hematoma, reduce peripheral inflammatory reaction and edema, alleviate the increase of intracranial pressure, improve local blood circulation, protect brain tissue from necrosis and promote the recovery of neurological function.

9. The effect on experimental renal damage. 30% hirudin solution 15ml / kg, intragastric administration twice, had obvious preventive and therapeutic effect on acute renal tubular necrosis in rats induced by intramuscular injection of glycerol, and the increase of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine was significantly lower than that in the control group. The renal histomorphological changes were significantly improved. Its mechanism may be related to the improvement of hemorheology and hypercoagulable state, thus improving renal blood circulation.

10. Other functions. Leech also has inhibitory effect on decidua. Low concentration of hirudin solution has obvious contractile effect on rabbit uterus in vitro. Hirudin can also inhibit the proliferation of fibroblasts induced by thrombin and the stimulating effect of thrombin on endothelial cells.