Leech Culture Technology _ Leech Picture _ efficacy and function of Leech

The living habits of leeches

1. Leech is a cold-blooded annelid, which can grow and reproduce in both the south and north of China. It mainly lives in reservoirs, ditches, paddy fields and lakes in fresh water, especially in ponds or unpolluted rivers rich in organic matter.

2. The suitable temperature for growth is 10-40 ℃. When the temperature is lower than 3 ℃, it will enter dormant hibernating period in the soil, and the stinging activity will be higher than 8 ℃ from March to April of the following year.

3. Leeches are omnivorous animals, taking the blood or body fluids of animals as the main way of life, often using plankton, insects and molluscs in the water as the main bait, and using all kinds of animal viscera, cooked egg yolk, formula feed and plant residues under artificial conditions. freshwater snail shellfish, miscellaneous fish, earthworms and so on.

The efficacy and function of leech

Salty, bitter, flat, slightly poisonous.

Return to the liver meridian.

[efficacy] break blood, remove blood stasis and clear menstruation. Treatment of blood storage, pain, accumulation, women with amenorrhea, dry blood consumption, fall injury, eye pain, cloud nebula.

[indications] for amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea and injury caused by falls.

[usage] Internal administration: put in pills, powder, 0.5 yuan 4 yuan. External use: suck at the place where the disease is placed; or soak the droplets.

1. To treat women with adverse menstruation and men with blood stasis in their bladder: 30 leeches (boil), 30 tabanworms (winged, foot, boiled), 20 peach kernels (peeled, pointed), rhubarb (soaked in alcohol). At the end of the four flavors, take five liters of water, boil three liters, remove me, and take one liter of warm service. (Didang Tang in synopsis of the Golden Chamber)

2. the woman has blood stasis in the abdomen, the menstrual water is disadvantageous, or broken or broken, and the confidant is full of urgency: peach kernel three taels (soup soaked, peeled, sharp, double kernel, bran stir-fried light yellow), tabanid 40 (stir-fry light yellow, winged, foot), leech 40 (stir-fry light yellow), Sichuan rhubarb three taels (file shredded micro-fry). Medicine for the end, honey and pound more than a hundred pestles, pills as big as sycamore. Take fifteen pills with hot wine for each serving. ("Sheng Hui Fang" Taoren Pill)

3, to treat menstruation, or postpartum lochia, umbilical pain: four taels of cooked Rehmannia, tabanus (head, wing stir-fry), leech (glutinous rice with fried yellow, glutinous rice), peach kernel (peeled, pointed) each 50. The top is the end, honey pill, Tongzi is big. Each take five or seven pills, hollow warm wine. ("Women's prescription" Dihuang Tongjing Pill)

4. Cure leeches and bleed more than: leeches are treated and sifted, alcohol is taken for a fee, and the evil blood is cured on the second day. ("Qian Jin Fang")

5, treatment of broken wounds: leeches, baked on the new tile, for fine powder, hot wine under the next money, eat a hectare, pain can, more take, pain stop. Then seal the broken bone medicine and fix it with clamps. ("empirical side")

6. treat golden sore, damage and fall from height, pressure of wood and stone, internal damage and blood stasis, heartache, obstruction of urine and urine, desperate to death: red leech (scorched yellow with lime), rhubarb and black petunia. Each of them is fine powder, three yuan per serving, and mixed with hot wine, such as four or five miles of human travel, and then with hot wine to lead the cow to the end of the second money to urge it, the viscera must turn to evil blood, lump or into pieces, the evil blood will be cured. ("Jiesheng Fang" took the life away.)

Nutritional value of leeches

Leech is an invertebrate mollusk, no skeleton structure, all can be used, the main components are proteins, peptides, trace elements and fatty acids and so on.

1. Protein: the content of amino acids in dried leech powder is as high as 62%, which is 2.7 times that of muscle protein; at the same time, the contents of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine and leucine are higher among these 17 kinds of amino acids. They play an important role in the health care of leeches. Among the 17 amino acids contained in leeches, 7 are essential amino acids for human body, and their content is 1535mg/100g dry weight, accounting for 72% of the total amino acids.

2. Polypeptides: blood-sucking leeches contain low molecular weight peptides composed of several amino acids, which are the main active components of blood-sucking leeches to exert their efficacy and health care function.

3. Trace elements: Fei Niu Leech contains eight elements: calcium, chromium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, vanadium and zinc, among which vanadium, manganese, copper, iron and zinc are essential trace elements in human body. The contents of zinc and iron are higher, which are 1.4mg/g and 1.36mg/g respectively. The content of zinc in soybean is 8 times higher than that in soybean and 2 times higher than that in pig liver. It shows that phenanthrene cattle leech has a strong ability to enrich zinc. The content of zinc is relatively small in nature, and it is an important element to maintain the normal physiological activities of the human body, but the human body can not produce it itself and can only rely on external supply. The study also shows that zinc is widely involved in the metabolism of protein enzymes, sugars, nucleic acids, fats and other basic biochemical processes, and it is known that the activities of more than 300 enzymes are related to zinc. And zinc can improve human immunity and has anti-cancer function. With the increase of age, the content of trace elements in human body gradually decreases, especially zinc, which causes the damage of enzyme protein, accelerates the process of aging and the occurrence of disease. Therefore, in order to maintain the appropriate concentration of trace elements in the body, it is necessary to take foods rich in trace elements.

4. Fatty acids: the leech contains 16 fatty acids, of which saturated fatty acids account for 63.34% and unsaturated fatty acids account for 34.05%. Studies have found that monounsaturated fatty acids reduce total cholesterol while it is harmful to cholesterol, but not good cholesterol. In addition, monounsaturated fatty acids have special physical and chemical characteristics and physiological functions, which can regulate human lipid metabolism, treat and prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Breeding techniques of leeches

1. The construction of the breeding pond: the area of the pool should be about 30 square meters, and a square of 5 meters × 5 meters or 6 meters × 6 meters should be built. The pool is surrounded by a platform of 1 by 1.5 meters against the pool wall, with a water surface in the middle, a water depth of 50 centimeters, and a platform 2 centimeters above the water surface. The platform is kept moist. The soil used as the platform should be loose sandy soil with high humus content, which is convenient for leeches to drill holes, and yellow clay should not be used. Overflow outlets should be set on the platform to prevent Rain Water from submerging the slamming platform to cause breeding failure. It is generally divided into two types: small culture ponds and large culture ponds:

Construction of ① small aquaculture ponds: generally build pond ditches with a width of 3 meters and a depth of 1 meters, with unlimited length. A number of small ponds can also be built, with a ridge width of 40 cm, and a water inlet and outlet in each pool. In the middle of the pond must be a spawning platform with a width of 50ml and 100cm. The platform and the water surface are on the same level, with a layer of humus soil 20 cm thick on the platform. As a place for leeches to lay eggs and reproduce. The water level is 50ml / 60cm.

Construction of ② large-scale aquaculture ponds: large-scale aquaculture ponds are generally built with different specifications according to the actual geographical environment. If the water source is not convenient, you can also spread a layer of plastic film on the bottom of the pool. An appropriate amount of river mud should be put into the bottom of the pond to increase the content of organic matter in the water. Planting some aquatic plants in the water can purify the water quality and increase the oxygen content in the water. It is best to bury a circle of nylon gauze on the bank of the pool (0.5 m high) to prevent frogs, snakes and other natural enemies from entering the pond. In order to prevent the summer water temperature from being too high and the light too strong, weeping willows and other trees can be planted on the bank of the pool to shade the sun.