Prevention and treatment techniques of Fox Diseases

Abstract: the fox is an important economic fur animal, and mink skin and Persian lamb skin form the three pillars of the international fur industry. in recent years, raising foxes has helped many people embark on the road to prosperity, and the prospect is also good. In the process of breeding, the disease prevention and control of foxes is a very important problem, let's take a look at the disease prevention and control technology of foxes!

The fox is an important economic fur animal, together with mink skin and Persian lamb skin to form the three pillars of the international fur industry. in recent years, raising foxes has helped many people embark on the road to prosperity, and the prospect is also good. In the process of breeding, the disease prevention and control of foxes is a very important problem. Let's take a look at the disease prevention and control technology of foxes.

Fox omphalitis

[cause] the pathogen is fox adenosis, also known as fox omphalitis virus. Strong virus resistance, acid and ether resistance, 70% alcohol treatment. Disinfectants such as 4% Lysol, 2% sodium hydroxide and 20% bleach can kill. The fox adenovirus isolated in China is basically the same as canine infectious hepatitis virus and can agglutinate type O erythrocytes of guinea pig, chicken and human under the condition of 4 ℃.

[symptoms] the incubation period was 6-7 days, elevated body temperature, runny nose, diarrhea, eye knot tremor. Then excited, muscle spasmodic contraction, particularly sensitive to stimuli. Later ataxia, mental depression, dullness, hemiplegia or paraplegia, the course of about 2-3 days, mostly ended in death. When the disease is chronic, it causes miscarriage and dystocia of the female fox, and the young fox dies in the first few days after delivery.

[treatment] at present, there is no effective treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine such as Shuanghua, Forsythia suspensa, Radix Isatidis and Folium Isatidis can be used internally for 5 grams per fox, twice a day for 3 to 5 days.

[preventive measures] to strengthen hygiene and epidemic prevention, regular disinfection, timely isolation of diseased animals, introduction from abroad, customs quarantine must be strengthened, quarantine observation for one month, disease-free can be transported back.

Encephalomyelitis

[cause] A disease caused by an acute neurophilic virus that is susceptible to young foxes at the age of 8-10 months under natural conditions, with a mortality rate of 10% to 20%. Adult foxes are more resistant, but the mortality ratio of adult foxes is very high under the conditions of feeding with incomplete feed and the decrease of body resistance caused by chronic diseases. The disease mainly occurs in summer and autumn and is often a sporadic venereal disease.

[symptoms] the excitability of the diseased fox increased and seizures occurred for a short time. After the seizures, the muscle group of individual cases had spasmodic contraction, the pace shook, and magnified with the hole. During the attack of the disease, the diseased fox often has spasmodic chewing movement and foamy fluid flows out of the mouth. The silver fox sometimes cries loudly, which can last for 3-5 minutes, and then the sick fox dies or calms down. After the sick fox quieted down, it still lay down and did not respond to stimulation, feed or call. Before and after the onset of the disease, sometimes the diseased fox moves in a circle, walks and wanders along the cage, chews constantly, its eyes are clear and straight, and sometimes loses vision, and pathology lasts for 2 to 3 days. Chronic seizures can cause miscarriage, dystocia and death of young foxes in the first few days after delivery.

[prevention and treatment] there is no specific drug for the treatment of this disease, and symptomatic therapy is generally used. Anesthetics can be applied to sick foxes, resulting in a deep sleep of 20 to 25 hours, but after medication, most cases relapse and eventually die. All patients with mild symptoms of encephalomyelitis were isolated and reared, and the period of skin use was observed. In order to eliminate the disease, fox farms must implement comprehensive veterinary hygiene measures and regularly disinfect the ground, cages, appliances and the overalls of the staff.

Infectious hepatitis

[cause] also known as blue fox and silver fox infectious hepatitis, is caused by adenosine virus, often square epidemic. The morbidity and mortality do not change with the season, but the summer and autumn seasons are the most beneficial to the spread of the disease. The virus invades the fox through breathing, digestive tract and injured skin and mucous membranes. the virus can also be transmitted to fetuses and foxes in the womb and during lactation. The virus can increase its virulence through fur animals and cause the disease of adult fur animals. When infected with the disease under natural conditions, the incubation period is more than 10-20 days, and in artificial infection, the incubation period is 5-6 days. The disease is divided into acute, subacute and chronic.

[acute cases] showed refusing to eat, mental retardation, body temperature rising to more than 41.5 ℃, until death, sick fox vomiting, thirst increased, the course of disease no more than 3-4 days, gradually coma and death. In many cases, sick foxes die suddenly without any symptoms.

Subacute symptoms are characterized by depression, relaxation and fever, sick foxes lying down, standing unsteadily after getting up, and wobbling steps. Hindlimb weakness, rapid emaciation, conjunctival and oral mucous membrane anemia and jaundice, incomplete hindlimb paralysis or paralysis. During the onset period, the body temperature of the diseased fox increased by more than 41 ℃. When the body temperature increased, it was accompanied by cardiovascular system disorders, the heartbeat reached 100,120 beats per minute, and the pulse was irregular and weak. The diseased fox may disappear after the above symptoms appear, but after a period of time, the above symptoms will reappear, and the symptoms will be more significant. The urine of the diseased fox is dark brown, excitement and depression appear alternately, the diseased fox often lives in a corner of the cage, shows aggressiveness when feeding, the course of the disease is about 1 month, and finally dies or becomes chronic.

[chronic cases] symptoms are not significant and unstable, sick foxes often have loss of appetite or temporary disappearance, sometimes gastrointestinal disorders (diarrhea and constipation alternating) and progressive weight loss, a short-term increase in body temperature, general chronic cases can be extended to the slaughter period.

[prevention and treatment] at present, there is no specific treatment. Vitamin B (12) was injected intramuscularly into sick blue foxes and silver foxes at a dose of 350 × 500 micrograms each and 250 × 300 micrograms per young fox for 3 days, while folic acid was added to the feed, 0.5 × 0.6 mg each for 10 days. The preventive measure for this disease is to isolate diseased foxes from suspected diseased foxes. Until slaughtering, cages and chambers should be thoroughly disinfected, and the ground should be disinfected with 10% or 20% bleach.