Video technology of toad breeding

Abstract: toad, commonly known as toad, is an amphibious toad of the family Bufonidae, which is distributed in East China, Central China and North China. Toad is a very valuable medicinal animal. The milky white serous secreted by its retroauricular glands and skin glands can be processed into a valuable traditional Chinese medicine, toad.

Toad, commonly known as toad, is an amphibious toad of the family Bufonidae, distributed in East China, Central China and North China. Toad is a very valuable medicinal animal. The milky white serous secreted by its retroauricular glands and skin glands can be processed into a valuable traditional Chinese medicine Bufo bufo. At present, toad is in short supply in the domestic market, and there is a greater demand in the international market, while artificial breeding toad is easy, low cost and fast income, so it is a promising family sideline. Toads can be raised in places such as waste ditches and ponds, riverside beaches and courtyard vegetable gardens, and can also be stocked in the field.

Economic value of culture

Toad crisp is warm, pungent, sweet and poisonous. It has the effects of detoxification, detumescence, cardiotonic and analgesia. Main treatment of carbuncle gangrene, acne, poison, toothache, sore throat, gingival bleeding, heart failure and other diseases. In addition, Bufo bufonis is also used as a mucosal anesthetic in stomatology and facial features surgery. Using this as the main medicine can be prepared into proprietary Chinese medicines, such as Liushen pills, toad crisp pills, detumescence and detoxification pills, plum blossom point tongue Dan, Xiaoqi pills and so on.

In addition to toad venom, toad head, toad skin, toad tongue, toad liver, toad bile and so on can be used for medicine. Toad eviscerated after the dry whole medicine, called dry toad, its cool, sweet, pungent, there is a small poison. It has the effect of detumescence and detoxification, relieving pain and diuresis. It can treat chronic bronchitis, pain sores, sore throat, edema, adverse urination and other diseases.

Biological characteristics

1. Morphological characteristics.

The Chinese toad looks like a frog and is generally more than 10 centimeters long. Separate the head, torso and limbs. The neck is inconspicuous, tailless and the torso is thick and short. The skin is very rough, the head is smooth, there are no black bone edges, there are large and long retroauricular glands on both sides, skin adenomatous protrusions of different body cloth sizes, and smaller abdominal tumorous protrusions. The body color changes greatly, there are no spots on the back, in the reproductive season, the back of the male is dark green, there are light markings on the side of the body, the female is dark milky yellow, and the abdomen is covered with milky yellow and brown or black spots. The male is smaller, with black finger pad on the inside of 3 fingers and no vocal sac.

The black orbital toad is 7-10 cm long, with black bone edges or black lines on the head, yellowish brown on the back, slightly reddish brown markings on the back, milky yellow on the ventral side, gray markings on the ventral side, black finger pads on the inside of the first and second fingers of the male, and a single subpharyngeal internal vocal sac.

2. Life habits

Toads like wet, dark and warm. In summer and autumn, toads often live in dark and wet places such as ditches, grass and brick holes behind the house. They come out to look for food in the evening and early morning, and are the most active in the middle of the night. Beetles, moths, snails, slugs, ground silkworms, maggots, termites and other pests, but sometimes eat earthworms and so on. In winter, when the temperature drops below 10C, toads hibernate successively in bricks and stones, in soil holes or underwater, stop eating, maintain the lowest metabolism by consuming liver sugar, and do not end hibernation until the temperature rises to 10 ℃ or 12 min the following year. After stinging, they mate and lay eggs in a still pond or in a ditch that does not flow much.

The spawning season of toads varies from place to place, such as the Chengdu Plain in December, the coastal areas of East China in early March, and North China from March to April. Egg black, each female lays about 5000 eggs at a time, generally arranged in rows in the egg band of tubular glia, which can be up to several meters long and wound around aquatic plants. Eggs hatch and develop into tadpoles, live in ditches or puddles, and often swim in groups in one direction. After 2Mel began to become abnormal in 3 months, he moved to live on land.

Breeding technology of toad

1. Stocking method

Using waste ditches and waste ponds, riverside beaches and courtyard vegetable gardens, adult toads can be caught and raised in captivity. According to the scope of captivity, 30 cm long reeds or bamboo slices and bamboo branches are used to surround them at an equal distance of 3 cm, and tied up with grass ropes, or 15 cm high walls can be built to prevent toads from escaping. Pond captivity also connects part of the dry land to facilitate lighting and catching worms and scraping. In the garden, toads are kept in captivity, mainly in summer and autumn when the toads have been scraped so that they can continue to scrape. Scrape once every two weeks. When raised in captivity by ponds and beaches, it is best to use black light to trap insects and feed toads. A black light can trap more than 100,000 small insects one night.

The field stocking is mainly cotton field, and 100 500 toads shaved head pulp can be stocked per mu. Cotton field stocking toads can not only play a role in pest control, but also can be scraped twice after two weeks.

2. Reproduction management

① captures toads, and chooses large, well-developed, strong, disease-free and injury-free toads to raise them. One pair of toads are planted per square meter.

② collected egg blocks for seed and placed them in paddy fields or breeding ponds for artificial hatching. When hatching, the water temperature should be kept at 10ml 30C, and the most suitable water temperature should be 18Mel 24e, and the water depth should be adjusted at any time. Tadpoles can be hatched after 4 days. In case of cold snap, rainstorm and other bad weather, plastic film can be used to cover the heat preservation.