Video on cultivation techniques of Red Mushroom

Pleurotus ostreatus is an edible mushroom of the family Pleurotus ostreatus, which is rich in nutrients and has the effects of tonifying deficiency and nourishing blood, nourishing yin, cool detoxification and anti-tumor, and has high economic value, but at present, artificial cultivation is still more difficult. We can usually follow the example of Tricholoma matsutake to promote artificial propagation and create a fungus forest to produce mushrooms to develop production. Let's take a look at the cultivation technology video of Pleurotus ostreatus.

Cultivation methods of Pleurotus ostreatus

1. Planting red mushroom in bag: when the temperature of the material bag is below 28 ℃, insert the red mushroom strain into the culture medium in the bag under aseptic condition, and seal it with cotton plug. After inoculation, it was transferred to 23 ℃-25 ℃ indoor bacteria culture, the air relative humidity was less than 70%, to maintain ventilation and prevent the sudden increase of indoor carbon dioxide concentration. Hairy bacteria culture is usually about 30 days. After the mycelium is full, move the bag to the field shade shed to remove the bag, discharge it horizontally on the bed in the pre-sterilized shed, and cover 3-5 cm of humus soil. Cover the border bed with soil and let the bacteria tube continue to be cultured in the border bed.

2, bed planting red mushroom: spread the fermentation material in the border bed, the material thickness is 15-18 cm, sow seeds in three layers, that is, spread a layer of family on the border surface, sow bacteria, continue to spread a layer of material, sow a layer of seed, and then cover a layer of material to form 3 layers of material and 2 layers of species. Generally, 10 kg of dry material is used per square meter, and the amount of bacteria accounts for 10% of the material. After sowing, the material surface is leveled and compacted slightly. Then the arch cover is covered with film to protect against rain above the bed. When the mycelium is fed for 2 / 3, the soil is covered with 3-5 cm. However, attention should be paid to ventilation to keep the air in the border bed fresh and facilitate the development of hyphae.

Mother species Separation of Pleurotus ostreatus

1. Sterilization: cut off the impurities at the base of the mushroom body, soak in 0.1% mercury solution for 1-2 minutes, rinse with sterile water for 2-3 times, and then dry with aseptic gauze.

2. Cut the seed block: put the processed mushroom and the utensils used for separation, at the same time in the inoculation box, take a glassware, put 3-5 grams of potassium permanganate into it, pour 8-10 milliliters of formaldehyde and fumigate for 30 minutes. Or sterilize with aerosol disinfectant. Then cut the mushroom longitudinally into two halves with a scalpel, cut into tissue blocks of 3 mm square with a knife in the middle of the stalk, pick it out with an inoculation needle, and quickly put it in the test tube, and immediately plug the cotton plug.

3. Inoculation culture: the test tube connected with human tissue was cultured at 24 ℃ for 3 days, and the hyphae began to germinate. After many times of purification, the mother species of Pleurotus ostreatus could be obtained. The mycelium of Pleurotus ostreatus grew slowly, and the average daily growth rate was 0.67cm after 10 days of inoculation. on PDA medium, the mycelium was white to yellow, the aerial hyphae were rare and yellow brown pigment appeared. After 10 days of screening, the test tubes with rapid mycelium growth were selected to continue culture, and the contaminated bacteria and weak growth were eliminated. After 20-25 days of culture, the mycelium was full of test tubes.

Formula of culture material for red mushroom

1. Cottonseed hull 86%, wheat bran 8.5%, lime 2%, calcium carbonate 1%, calcium superphosphate 2%, urea 0.5%.

2. Soybean straw 48%, peanut shell 20%, cottonseed shell 19%, wheat bran 10%, calcium superphosphate 1%, calcium carbonate 2%, feed water ratio 1 ∶ 1.3.

3. Cottonseed hull 90%, wheat bran 6%, lime 1%, calcium superphosphate 1.5%, calcium carbonate 1%, urea 0.5%, feed water ratio 1 ∶ 1.3.

4. Reed 50%, sawdust 16%, cottonseed shell 30%, lime 1.5%, calcium superphosphate 2%, magnesium sulfate 0.5%. The ratio of feed to water is 1 ∶ 1.3.

Cultivation techniques of Pleurotus ostreatus

1. Site selection: as the mushroom farm cultivated in the fermentation bed, the field with mountain and water in the field, fertile soil and sunny leeward should be selected. Border bed width of about 1.3 meters, the bed surface into a tortoise back shape, all around a good drainage ditch, built on the shade shed to maintain "three points of yang, seven points of shade" illuminance.

2. Stack inoculation: spread the fermentation material on the border bed with a thickness of 15-18 cm and sow seeds in three layers, just like Dictyophora stacked with seeds, that is, spread a layer of material on the border surface, sow bacteria, continue to spread a layer of material, sow one layer of seed, and then cover a layer of material to form three layers of material and two layers of species. Generally, 10 kg of dry material is used per square meter, and the amount of bacteria accounts for 10% of the material. After sowing, the material surface is leveled and compacted slightly. Then cover the bed with a plastic canopy. When the mycelium is fed for 2 / 3, the soil is covered with 3-5 cm. However, paying attention to ventilation and keeping the air in the bed fresh are beneficial to the development of hyphae.

3. Mushroom production management: when the bacterial bag enters the field, the soil cover should be kept moist in management. Soil water content is not less than 20%, field planting depends on soil moisture, generally do not need to spray water, such as dry climate, soil surface whitening can spray water moisturizing, but can not infiltrate into the material, so as to avoid mycelium mildew. The mushroom can be produced in about 20 days after covering the soil, and the temperature is controlled in the range of 23 ℃-26 ℃. The artificial stimulation of temperature difference and alternation of dry and wet can promote the kink of hyphae to form primordia and differentiate into mushroom buds. The mushroom shed should be divided into three parts of yang and seven parts of yin. During the development stage of the fruiting body, the film should be ventilated every morning, combined with water spraying once, and the space relative humidity should be kept at 90%. Keep the air fresh in the mushroom shed. The temperature is in the range of 23 ℃-28 ℃.

4. Harvesting and processing

① reasonable harvest: wild red mushroom fruit body maturity 60 or 70% can be exploited, reasonable harvest is closely related to the commodity value of red mushroom. According to the survey, medium's unopened red mushrooms, the market purchase price of 600,850yuan / jin, and fully mature 400,650yuan / jin. In general, overmature umbrella mushrooms or those that have shown signs of decay, the vast majority of them have eaten maggots and lost their commercial value. Do not harvest them, but should stay in the woodland as a breeding source, which is conducive to the growth of mushrooms in the following year.