Video of chrysanthemum planting technology

Artemisia annua, also known as Artemisia annua, etc., is an annual or biennial herb of Compositae, sweet, pungent, flat and non-toxic, with the effects of reassuring qi, nourishing spleen and stomach, eliminating phlegm, and benefiting intestines and stomach. It has been cultivated in China for more than 900 years and is widely distributed, but the cultivation area in the north and south is very small. Let's take a look at the planting technology video of Artemisia annua.

Planting conditions of Artemisia annua L.

1. Temperature: chrysanthemum chrysanthemum has wide adaptability, likes cold environment and is not resistant to high temperature. The most suitable temperature for growth is 17Mel 20 ℃. The growth is slow below 12 ℃ and poor above 29 ℃, but it can withstand short-term zero temperature. Seeds can germinate when the temperature is above 10 ℃, but 15Mel 0 ℃ germinates fastest.

2. Illumination: chrysanthemum chrysanthemum does not have strict requirements for light, generally grows well under weak light, and does not grow fully under long sunshine.

3, moisture: chrysanthemum chrysanthemum is not strict with water and fertilizer, as long as it keeps the soil moist, if too much water will affect the growth and development and reduce the yield.

4. Soil: Artemisia chrysanthemum has a wide range of adaptation to soil, and the requirements are not strict, but the loose and fertile slightly acidic sandy loam is the best.

Variety selection of Artemisia annua L.

1. Artemisia annua L.: Artemisia annua L. is also known as Artemisia annua L. The leaves are large and thick, less engraved and shallow, spoon-shaped, green, wax powder, short stem, dense and thick nodes, light green, tender texture, less fiber, good quality, heat resistance, but poor cold resistance, slow growth, late maturity, suitable for cultivation in the south.

2. Artemisia angustifolia: Artemisia angustifolia, also known as Artemisia annua, Artemisia annua L. Its leaves are narrow, engraved many and deep, green, thin mesophyll, strong fragrance, thin stems and branches, fast growth, strong cold resistance, but not heat-resistant, mature early, suitable for cultivation in the north.

Planting techniques of Artemisia annua L.

1. Land preparation and border: neutral or slightly acidic soil with deep soil layer, loose and moist soil, rich organic matter, convenient drainage and irrigation, good water and fertility conservation should be selected. Apply base fertilizer before sowing, applying compound fertilizer 50 per mu, 60 kg per mu, or 2000 kg per mu of organic fertilizer. You can also apply 15 kg of urea per mu, add 25 kg of diammonium phosphate and 10 kg of potassium sulfate to fully mix fertilizer with soil. When making a border, it is generally required that the width of the border is about 1.5 meters and 1.8 meters, and the length can be flexibly controlled according to the actual situation of the greenhouse. Fine the soil with a rake, rake it flat, and then sow the seeds.

2. Soaking seeds to promote sprouting: chrysanthemum seeds are botanically called achenes with edges and corners. 4 days before sowing, the seeds were soaked in warm water of 30 ℃ for 24 hours, then washed and dried under the condition of 25 ℃. The seeds were washed once a day, and the seeds could be sown after 4 days of germination.

3. Sowing at the right time: because the plant of Artemisia annua is small and the growth period is short, it can be intercropped with other vegetables. Direct broadcast, broadcast and strip broadcasting can be used in production. The seed consumption of sowing is generally 3-4 kg per mu. The seed consumption of strip sowing per mu is 1.5ml / mu, which is more economical. When sowing, the line spacing can be controlled at about 10 cm. If the seedlings are transplanted, the seeds can be scattered more densely, and sparsely sowed if they are not transplanted, so as not to waste time and seeds. After sowing, cover the seeds with a layer of soil 1 cm thick, rake them flat, and then water them thoroughly. It will be watered every 10 days in winter and 7 days in summer.

4. Field seedlings: chrysanthemum chrysanthemum can emerge about a week after sowing. When the seedlings grow to 2mur3 true leaves, you should carry out inter-seedlings, pay attention to do not use sickles, directly use inter-hand seedlings, pull up the seedlings with high density, and keep the row spacing of the seedlings at about 4-6 cm. Pay attention not to be too thin, otherwise the yield will be affected.

5. Timely transplanting: practice has proved that transplanting is a good method to cultivate Artemisia annua. Transplanting seedlings grow faster than direct seeding seedlings, and the plants are larger, and they can be harvested in about 25 days. When transplanting, use a sickle to raise the seedlings and put them in a prepared basin. Then transplant to the whole field, the row spacing is about 4MU 6cm, watering once after transplanting, and applying nitrogen fertilizer once 20 days after transplanting.

6. Water management: due to the low temperature in winter and spring, watering should be properly controlled after emergence to prevent the occurrence of quenching disease and downy mildew. It should be watered according to the seedling condition, usually once every 7-8 days.

7. Reasonable topdressing: generally, topdressing is needed when the seedling grows to about 10 Mel 12 cm. From now on, the fertilizer will be recovered for every harvest. Topdressing is generally used with water topdressing, the fertilizer will be evenly scattered in the intake, direct irrigation with water, fertilizer can not be directly scattered on the ground, so as not to burn the leaves of chrysanthemum. During the growth period, quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer was applied twice with water, and urea was used with 15ml / mu each time.

8. Timely harvest: when the plant of Artemisia annua is about 20 cm high and has 13 true leaves, the harvest should not be too late, so as not to affect the quality. When harvesting, you can use a knife to leave 3 leaves at the base of the stem to cut off, then pick off the yellow leaves, tie the chrysanthemum into small handfuls for sale. Generally, 20 Mel can be harvested once every 25 days, and each crop can be harvested 2 MUR 3 times.

Control of diseases and insect pests of Artemisia annua L.

1. Blight

[symptoms] mostly occur in the middle and later stages of seedling breeding. It mainly harms the stem base or underground root of the seedlings, which is oval or irregular dark brown disease spot at first, wilts in the early day, recovers at night, the disease part gradually sinks and overflows, and some gradually changes to dark brown, when the disease spot expands around the stem for a week. Finally withered and died, but did not lodge. The mildly diseased plants only saw brown sunken disease spots and did not die. When the seedbed humidity is high, the light brown arachnoid mold can be seen in the disease department.