Culture techniques of stone money tortoise

Abstract: the stone money tortoise is a reptile of the genus Pseudomonidae, distributed in Vietnam, Japan, Taiwan Island and the eastern, southern, Hainan, west to Yunnan of the Chinese mainland. It is often found in hilly and semi-mountainous mountain basins or in the waters of river valleys, and in nearby bushes or grasss. the following editor will share with you the culture techniques of stone money turtles.

Stone money turtle is a reptile of the genus Pseudomonidae, distributed in Vietnam, Japan, Taiwan Island and the eastern, southern, Hainan, west to Yunnan of the Chinese mainland. It is often found in hilly and semi-mountainous mountain basins or in the waters of river valleys, and in nearby thickets or grasss. the following editor will share with you the breeding techniques of stone money turtles.

The growth habits of stone money tortoise

The stone money turtle is resistant to disease and can withstand hunger and cold. They are amphibians, but most of them live in the water. The spawning period is from April to August every year. Generally, a female tortoise with good physical and nutritional status can lay 1-3 eggs a year, with 1-10 eggs each time. The eating habits of stone money turtles are omnivorous, small fish and shrimp, meat, animal offal and offal or inferior products, snails, frogs, snakes, peels, tender grass, bananas, corn and so on can be used as food, but fresh meat is the most favorite. The appetite is the strongest and the growth is the fastest from June to September every year.

Stone money turtles generally began to lay eggs in the middle of April, and basically stopped spawning in late August. The spawning peak was from May to June, and the spawning decreased significantly after the middle of July. It is ideal for turtle eggs to hatch by natural temperature and artificially controlled humidity (the young turtles hatched by this method grow fast and have strong disease resistance). Generally, after 55 days of hatching, the young turtles can be hatched in batches.

Stone money turtles feed omnivorous, a wide range of food, animals can be fed poultry viscera, pork and viscera, mixed feed, plants can be fed melons and fruits and vegetables. Stone money turtles like to find food in the water. when feeding, they first climb close to the food, stare, then stretch their necks, bite the food and swallow it. If the food is too large, tear it up with the help of two front claws before swallowing it.

Culture techniques of stone money tortoise

1. Site selection. Turtle breeding sites should choose places with sufficient water sources, good water quality, good soil water retention (such as clay loam or loam), convenient drainage and irrigation, quiet environment, leeward and sunny, and avoid raising turtles in places with great external influence, such as transportation lines and factories. Different turtle ponds should be built for turtles at different stages.

Construction of ① juvenile (juvenile) turtle ponds: juvenile (juvenile) turtle ponds are mainly used to cultivate juvenile turtles and young turtles. Young turtles: refers to the seedlings hatched in that year, until the growth stage before the winter, collectively referred to as young turtles. Baby turtle: a tortoise that grows after the winter until it grows into a 500-gram tortoise. Young turtles have weak ability to adapt to the environment and vitality. Young turtles are between juvenile turtles and adult turtles. They are not too small and need to be nurtured carefully. Therefore, young turtles and young turtles should have special pools to breed. The juvenile turtle pond is generally cement structure, with a 30-degree slope between the bottom and the playground so that 3/4 is a pool (water depth 20-30 cm) and 1/4 is a playground (land part). The walls of the juvenile turtle pond must be smooth, with a height of more than 50 centimeters, to strictly prevent the juvenile and young turtles from escaping. Pull a shade net above the turtle pond to shade the sun. Stone money turtles like water, usually live in the water, so the pool can put an appropriate amount of water floating lotus (about 2/3 of the water surface). Water floating lotus can not only provide a hiding place for young turtles, but also absorb some harmful substances in the water, and absorb a large amount of solar radiation heat energy in summer, effectively reducing the water temperature. The playground is a place for turtles to move and feed. The size of the juvenile turtle pond depends on the scale of breeding, ranging from 5 square meters to 10 square meters. The juvenile turtle pond should have good intake and drainage facilities, anti-escape fence at the inlet and outlet, and barbed wire above the turtle pond to guard against the attack of rats and other enemy damage. Before entering the pond, the juvenile turtles must be disinfected with 40 ppm potassium permanganate solution (1ppm is equivalent to 1 gram per cubic meter of water). The stocking density of juvenile turtles is about 20 juvenile turtles per square meter.

Construction of ② adult turtle pond: adult turtles mostly refer to turtles more than 500g, close to or reach sexual maturity. Adult turtles have strong adaptability to the environment, exuberant vitality and are not easy to die. The construction of the adult turtle pond can refer to the method of the juvenile turtle pond, the difference is that the adult turtle pond must be composed of a pool, a sports ground (land) and sand, in which the pool accounts for half of the whole turtle pond, and the sports ground and sand pool each account for half of the remaining area. The depth of water requires more than 30 centimeters. Adult turtle ponds can be used to raise adult and parent turtles. A small amount of sunshade plants can be planted around the turtle pond.

2. Feed preparation. Stone money turtles are rich in feed sources, so they can take measures according to local conditions, planting green plants such as banana trees around the turtle pond, which can not only shade the sun, but also can be used as plant feed for turtles; where conditions permit, they can breed longevity snails, and snail meat is one of the meat feeds that turtles like to eat. When the turtle-raising place is close to the slaughterhouse, the offal such as animal offal can be used to feed the turtle. If compound feed is used to feed turtles, raw materials and processing equipment and production techniques should be fully prepared.

3. Select turtle species. Stone money tortoise has strong disease resistance and is easy to raise, but improper introduction can easily lead to unnecessary losses. The requirements for turtle species or seedlings are: naked eye observation of their no disability, exuberant activity, sensitive response; avoid long-distance transportation to prevent crushing injury. Before buying turtles, you must first disinfect the turtle pond (soak it in 40 ppm potassium permanganate solution for 30 minutes), then drain the water, expose the turtle pond for 2-3 days, and then inject fresh water after the efficacy disappears. Just bought turtles, must rest for more than 2 hours, adapt to the local temperature and environment, and then disinfect, and then put into the turtle pond to raise. It is best to buy young turtles from the breeding place, because the turtles domesticated by farmers have adapted to the artificial breeding environment and have a high survival rate. If purchased from the market, it is appropriate to check the physical condition of the tortoise and whether there is a hook in the mouth one by one from May to August.

Generally speaking, healthy young turtles should have three conditions:

① is responsive, bright-eyed, muscular and flexible in his limbs, and can prop himself up instead of dragging his belly armour.

② has no trauma and ulceration on the body surface.

③ puts the tortoise into deep water and the turtle can sink.

4. Young turtles are released. Before entering the pond, the young turtles need to be soaked in 2 mg / L potassium permanganate solution for disinfection. The stocking density is 5 / 8 / m3, and the suitable ratio of female to male is 3 ∶ 1 or 3 ∶ 2.

5. Feeding and management

① bait: stone money tortoise is omnivorous and eats a wide range of food. Under the condition of artificial feeding, it can be fed to the meat of small fish, poultry offal and other animals, or mixed feed, but it takes a period of adaptation. The fresh bait and mixed feed should be mixed together for the first time, kneaded into a ball, placed on the edge of the water, and fed several times in a row. After most turtles adapt, they can be fed with mixed feed directly. Stone turtles look for food in the water, so the amount of food should be put on the waterside table so that the turtles have no leftover food, which is generally 5% of the tortoise's body weight. The feeding time varies with the season. The feeding time should be around noon in April, May and October, and 8 ~ 9 a.m. or 6 p.m., from June to September. July is the peak spawning season for turtles, so the amount of feeding should be increased.