Breeding technique of Rongshui Black Xiang Pig

Rongshui Black Xiang Pig is produced in the mountainous area of Rongshui County in the north of Guangxi. it is trained and bred by Miao, Dong and other ethnic minorities with high nutritional value, cold resistance, strong disease resistance and extensive resistance to rough feed. ordinary farm crops such as rice bran, grain, corn, sweet potatoes and even all kinds of wild vegetables can be used as rations with low feeding cost and simple management. let's take a look at the breeding techniques of Rongshui Black Xiang Pig.

Breeding Prospect of Rongshui Black Xiang Pig

The suckling pork of Rongshui Black Xiang Pig is of noble quality, which is inferior to other pig breeds, and is famous for its excellent meat taste. Suckling pig and two-month-old weaned pork have no fishy smell or other fishy smell. The skin is thin and soft, the meat is fragrant and tender, the taste is sweet and fragrant, the muscle fiber is fine, the intermuscular fat is evenly distributed, and it is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, which forms the excellent characteristics that can be slaughtered in the early stage, and it is the excellent raw material for making Roasted Suckling Pig and Laquan pigs. Any other breed of suckling pig can not be comparable with Rongshui black Xiang pig, and has a very high breeding prospect.

Construction of Rongshui Hei Xiang Pig Farm

1. Pig farm location: the location of Black Xiang Pig is roughly the same as that of ordinary pig farms, but in order to achieve higher quality requirements, a flat location should be selected to build a pig farm in mountainous and hilly areas according to its living characteristics, and the area is determined according to the scale of breeding. The pig farm is more than 500 meters away from roads, water sources and living areas. Sitting north to the south, leeward to the sun, convenient installation of hydropower, environmental protection of water sources without pollution, smooth communication information, convenient transportation, a certain degree of transport capacity.

2. Pig house construction: there is a passage in the middle of the pig house, pig pens are built on both sides, sewage ditches are built outside the pig house wall, and feces and urine are washed out directly from the fecal outlet on the side of the pig pen wall. The pig house is generally about 3.2 meters high and 7.6-8 meters wide. The length depends on the breeding scale and site, and the length is 30 meters long. The pig house includes a sow room, a piglet room and a breeding pig room. Due to the small size of the black Xiang pig, the sow room can be designed as 10 square meters per room, and the piglet room can be connected to the sow room about 5 square meters per room. The pig room is 10 square meters per room, and every 5 pigs live in one column.

Breeding facilities of Rongshui Black Xiang Pig

1. Drinking water facilities: install water towers and pressurized rafts at the top of the pig farm (high water pressure, which is conducive to flushing the fence house), introduce clean water sources, and lay pipelines everywhere. Each pigsty is connected to pipes, installed with bite drinking water nozzles and reserved for rafts.

2. Sewage discharge facilities: a sewage drain is built on the periphery of the pig house to communicate with the feces and urine of each pig pen, and a biogas tank or septic tank is built at the downwind of the production area to connect with the sewage drain, and the method of biological fermentation is used to treat feces and urine.

3, thermal insulation facilities: laying more than 6 kilometers of thick copper wire (copper wire has good thermal conductivity, conducive to fire prevention), the piggery is equipped with thermal insulation heating lamp, which is suitable for 150W and 200W, and the density of 4 square meters / calices is set up to ensure that the overall temperature in the pigsty is kept above 18,22 ℃ in winter.

4. Birth bed equipment: small-scale Xiang pig farms can be equipped with 1 or 2 sow beds, and the birth beds sold on the market are all designed according to large pig breeds, and small Xiang pig sows will turn their heads and jump out, which will not have the effect of positioning. Therefore, it is also necessary to seal off and locate the sow pen of the birth bed, and those with conditional technology can also make their own birth bed according to the situation.

5. Disinfection facilities: there is a disinfection passage at the main gate of the production area, that is, the ground at the bottom of the gate is designed as a concave shape, which is filled with disinfectant, and vehicle personnel must run through the water road in and out. There is a disinfection room on the side of the gate, a disinfection pool is arranged at the door, and an electric spray disinfector is installed in the room. Personnel can enter and leave the production area through the disinfection room, enter the disinfection room with disinfection water on their feet, and then carry out whole-body spray disinfection in the room and then enter the production area. The aim is to cut off the route of transmission of germs and prevent people and vehicles from bringing germs into the field.

Feeding Environment of Rongshui Black Xiang Pig

1. External factors: black Xiang pig is timid and sensitive. Therefore, the breeding environment is not only clean and hygienic, but also try to avoid noise, do not disturb people, cars and other animals, and create a relatively quiet environment. Prevent the entry of mobile animals such as chickens and dogs in the production area, avoid disturbance and prevent the spread of epidemic diseases and parasites at the same time. In addition, it is necessary to do a good job of killing insects and rats.

2. Heat preservation measures: black Xiang pigs are resistant to rough breeding and have stronger cold resistance than ordinary pig breeds, but too low temperature will still cause heat balance imbalance, cold stress reaction, excessive heat loss, life dysfunction, trembling, squeezing, and lower feed conversion rate. affect growth, reduce resistance, cause diarrhea and respiratory diseases. In particular, newborn piglets are easy to cause yellow and white dysentery and increased mortality, which is an important factor affecting the survival rate of black Xiang pigs. Therefore, corresponding heat preservation measures must be taken so that pigs can be raised at a suitable temperature. 150W or 200W heat preservation lamps are installed in the barn according to the density of 4 square meters per canopy, and padded straw and shavings are added to keep the temperature of the big pig pen at 25 ℃ and that of the small pig pen at about 30 ℃.

3. Ventilation and moistureproof: there are a large number of microorganisms, harmful gases and dust in the pig farm environment, which will seriously affect the health of pigs. Hot and humid weather can cause heat accumulation in pigs and severe heart failure. Pigs also suffer from skin diseases, such as dermatitis, eczema, scabies and so on. In order to reduce and avoid the above problems, the pig house must be well ventilated and deal with waste such as feces, urine and grass pad in time to ensure the quality of the air. The pigsty must reserve spacious vents, and the pigsty which is too closed should be equipped with ventilation and dehumidification equipment such as exhaust fans and fans.

Breeding techniques of Rongshui Black Xiang Pig

1. Group and circle: black Xiang pigs should be grouped reasonably according to their size, physique, sex and physiological stage. It is best to divide the pigs of the same sow into the same circle. If you need to mix with pigs of different maternal lines or parity, it is best to spray strong-smelling disinfectant on the pigs to interfere with the pig's ability to identify odors and prevent fighting.

2. Feeding density: Xiang pigs are small, and the feeding density can be higher than that of other pig breeds. About 10 piglets can be raised in a 10-square-meter pen, and 5 pigs can be raised in a 10-square-meter pen. Excessive density will aggravate food grab and struggle, affect feeding, activity and sleep, and waste feeding space if the density is too small. In addition, Xiang pigs have an early sexual maturity and should be prepared to be grouped according to sex in advance.

3. Rough feeding: in order to ensure the quality of black Xiang pigs, we must adhere to the method of rough feeding. The drinking water source is clean and pollution-free mountain spring water, and the diet is mainly composed of farm green feed, accounting for about 80%. All kinds of green vegetables, sweet potato leaf vines, and even some grass roots and young grasses in the mountains and various wild vegetable rattan leaves can be used as rations for Xiang pigs. The commonly used auxiliary feed accounts for about 20%, mainly rice bran, broken rice, corn, sweet potato and other farm crops, such as soybean cake, wheat bran, fish meal, bone meal, salt and so on. The content of crude protein in rations is about 16%. The proportion of green roughage can also be adjusted appropriately in places where green fodder is lacking.

4. Feeding method: regular and quantitative feeding method was adopted, 3-4 meals per day, feeding in the morning, middle and evening. Piglets were fed about 0.2 kg of excipients and 1 kg of green feed per day. Sows feed 0.4 kg daily, green feed about 2 kg. In places with favorable conditions, when the weather is fine, pigs can be released outdoors after early feeding, preferably in the mountains, so that they can feed on their own. Xiang pigs raised under the forest are not only physically strong and cost-effective, but also of better quality.

Disinfection and epidemic Prevention of Rongshui Black Xiang Pig

1. Disinfection measures: in order to remove bacteria and viruses in the environment and cut off the transmission of the epidemic disease, it is necessary to carry out comprehensive epidemic prevention and disinfection of sites, barns, food grains utensils and bedding grass on a planned and regular basis. Routine disinfection for 7 days for 10 days, you can choose bromochlorohydantoin 1 ∶ 500 spray disinfection, or you can choose other disinfectants, such as 5% 20% bleach solution, 2% caustic soda solution, 20% plant ash water or 10% 20% lime milk.

2. planned immunization: combined with the local animal epidemic situation for epidemic prevention, piglets over 20 days old were immunized with classical swine fever vaccine, pig foot-and-mouth vaccine and pig blue ear disease vaccine every other week. According to the half-yearly supplementary immunity in the feeding cycle (black Xiang pigs grow slowly and the feeding cycle is longer), sows are immunized once every half a year, which is inevitable or prudent in the stage of multiple births and postpartum weakness.

3. Prevention of parasites: drug control measures are used to prevent parasites, deworming drugs are administered once a month, avermectin or levamisole are used for nematodes, and albendazole or praziquantel can be used for the prevention and treatment of cysticercosis. Pollutants such as mat grass in feces should be cleaned in time to prevent pigs from being infected with parasitic diseases and repeated infections.