Prevention and treatment of Asthma in Swine

Porcine asthma, also known as Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a chronic respiratory infectious disease of pigs. The main clinical symptoms of the disease are cough and asthma, and the pathological changes are mainly located in the chest. The lungs are the main organs of the disease. The acute cases were mainly pulmonary edema and emphysema, and the "shrimp meat" consolidation of the lungs was seen in subacute and chronic cases. The growth rate of diseased pigs was slow, the feed utilization rate was low, and the fattening period was prolonged.

Epidemiology of Asthma in Swine

Porcine asthma only occurs in pigs, and pigs of different breeds, ages and genders can be infected, among which lactating pigs and young pigs are the most susceptible, with high morbidity and mortality. Followed by late pregnancy sows and lactating sows, the incidence of fattening pigs is less. Sows and adult pigs showed chronic and recessive infection.

Diseased pigs and infected pigs are the source of infection of the disease. Pathogens exist in the respiratory tract and secretions of diseased pigs and infected pigs for a long time. Diseased pigs can still excrete bacteria from half a year to more than one year after the disappearance of symptoms. The occurrence of the disease in pig farms is mainly caused by the purchase of recessive infected pigs from outside, and suckling piglets are often infected from diseased sows. The respiratory tract is the route of transmission of the disease. Pathogens are excreted to the body with coughing, wheezing and sneezing secretions of diseased pigs to form droplets, which infect healthy pigs through the respiratory tract. The disease has obvious seasonality, especially in winter and spring. In the new epidemic areas, there are often fulminant epidemics, severe symptoms, high morbidity and mortality, most of them are acute; in the old epidemic areas, the symptoms are not obvious and the fatality rate is low. Sudden climate change, cold and damp, poor feeding management and sanitary conditions, secondary infection and other reasons can aggravate the disease and increase the fatality rate. With the rise of large-scale pig industry, porcine asthma presents new epidemic characteristics, which are introduced as follows:

The main results are as follows: 1. the incidence of piglets increased, and most of the adult pigs showed recessive infection. In the past, pigs of different ages could be infected, and there were few recessive infections in fattening pigs. The incidence of piglets has an increasing trend, especially during the weaning period of 25-45-day-old piglets, due to stress reactions such as grouping, changing feed and changing feeding environment, the disease resistance of piglets decreased and the disease was easy to occur, and the morbidity and mortality were higher than those in other periods. The pathogen of porcine asthma is widely distributed in some pig farms, and most of the adult pigs have recessive infection.

2. The incidence of scale field increased and the incidence area expanded. With the development of large-scale pig industry, introduction and circulation in different places are frequent, but in the process of introduction, circulation and transaction, due to lax quarantine control, origin quarantine and laboratory inspection are not carried out strictly in accordance with quarantine regulations. "diseased pigs" cannot be accurately identified, resulting in the spread of many recessive infections of pigs carrying pathogenic microorganisms in different places, resulting in a large-scale epidemic of the disease in some pig farms. At the same time, due to the large feeding density of large-scale farms and poor feeding management, the incidence rate is much higher than that of free-range farmers.

3. The season of onset is obvious, and most of them are mixed infection. Due to the low temperature in winter and spring, many farms ignore ventilation in order to ensure the temperature of pig houses, resulting in a decline in air quality, which is most likely to induce the disease. Epidemiological investigation shows that the disease is most likely to occur in pig farms with poor feeding management and sanitary conditions. If the epidemic prevention and disinfection of some pig farms is not strict, the environmental pollution of the farm is serious, a variety of pathogens exist for a long time, and the pigs are in a state of recessive infection, once the resistance of the body decreases, it can cause mixed infection and cause a variety of diseases to occur at the same time, thus increasing the difficulty of prevention and treatment.

The disease is common in cold seasons in winter and spring and can occur in all four seasons. Poor ventilation, crowded pigs, abrupt climate, cold dampness, poor feeding management and sanitary conditions can promote the occurrence of the disease and aggravate the disease, especially if there is secondary infection. The common secondary pathogens are Pasteurella multocida, pneumococci and so on. The first occurrence of the disease in pig farms often presents a fulminant epidemic, with more acute processes, severe symptoms and high mortality. Most of the pig farms in the old epidemic areas are chronic or recessive, the symptoms are not obvious, and the fatality rate is low.

Prevention and treatment of Asthma in Pigs

1. Adhere to self-breeding and strictly put an end to the introduction of foreign sick pigs. If it needs to be introduced, it must be strictly quarantined (the observation period is at least two months), and the corresponding disinfection management must be done at the same time.

2. To ensure the reasonable nutrition of each stage of the pig herd and avoid the mildew and deterioration of the feed: combined with the seasonal change, we should control the small environment, strictly control the feeding density, implement the whole in and all out system, and disinfect a variety of chemical disinfectants alternately on a regular basis.

3. Vaccine immunity: the vaccine must be injected into the thoracic cavity, but intramuscular injection is ineffective; pay attention to not feeding or injecting oxytetracycline, kanamycin and other drugs that inhibit the vaccine 15 days before and two months after injection.

4. Because Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae can change the surface antigen and cause immune escape, resulting in the weakening of immunity, pig farms need to cooperate with drug prevention and treatment, a course of treatment is generally 3-5 days, especially pregnant sows are purified, and their piglets are raised alone, leaving no seed for use, and pig farms with conditions for early isolation and weaning are carried out to reduce the contact time between sows and piglets as much as possible.

5. Drug prevention and purification: sows were fed with water-soluble amoxicillin 250 micrograms + Zhiyuanjing 100 micrograms + doxycycline 100 micrograms one week before and after delivery. Piglets were injected with long-acting oxytetracycline 0.2 ml / kg body weight at 3, 7 and 21 days after birth, respectively. To protect pigs, the compound Timi Pioneer was fed with 80kg per bag (40g) for 15 days. Backup pigs: water-soluble amoxicillin 250 micrograms + Zhiyuanjing 100 micrograms + doxycycline 100 micrograms, fed one week a month until mating. Fattening pigs were prophylactic for 1 week at the age of 13 and 18 weeks, respectively. Tylosin + Houttuynia cordata injection (0.2 ml / kg body weight) was injected intramuscularly. When there is secondary infection with antiviral Ⅰ intramuscular injection, compound Timi Pioneer (40 grams of mixture 40 kilograms for 1 week).

Folk prescription of Asthma in Swine

At the beginning of summer, the weather temperature changes from cold to hot, and the temperature changes greatly in the morning and evening. Bacteria and viruses are easy to breed and reproduce. If pig farmers are not managed properly, it is easy to cause the occurrence of pig asthma. Porcine asthma is a contagious disease of pigs caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, which is characterized by cough, wheezing and dyspnea. Although the mortality rate of the disease is not high, it has a great impact on the growth and development of affected pigs. it can also cause serious death in the initial stage of poor feeding and management conditions or outbreak of epidemic, as well as secondary infection of other pathogens. In the long-term production practice, people have achieved good results in the use of Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of porcine asthma, which is introduced as follows for pig farmers' reference.

1. 2 toads, baked and dried, fed with 5 grams of mixture each time for 15 days.

2. 25 grams of Houttuynia cordata, fried in water, filled with waiting temperature, once a day, 3 times as a course of treatment.

3. 30 grams of tortoise plate, baking coke for the end, rinse with warm water. 30 grams of semen scapulae, mix it into the feed and take it.

4. 3 melons wilt, 120 grams of honey and mulberry peel, taken orally in fried water.

5. 30 grams each of rock sugar and fried almonds, grind to the end, and take it twice with ingredients.