Site selection and architectural layout of cattle farm

The construction address of the cattle farm should be selected according to the transportation, epidemic prevention requirements and the ability to create a good growth environment for beef calves, and the architectural layout of the cattle farm should also be arranged according to the actual situation such as whether it is convenient for management. In this paper, the editor will discuss the location and architectural layout of the cattle farm with you.

Site selection of cattle farm

1. Site requirements. The cattle farm had better be built in a flat place with flat terrain, dry, sunny leeward, good air circulation, low groundwater level and easy drainage; the soil had better be sandy soil with good water permeability and air permeability; the field area needs to set a drainage slope of 2% to 5% for drainage and waterlogging prevention. If the site is built in the mountain area, it is appropriate to choose the sunny gentle slope area, the slope is less than 15%, parallel contours are arranged, and the site should not be built at the top of the mountain, the valley at the bottom of the slope or the tuyere.

2. Transportation requirements. The cattle farm area needs to build roads that can be used by feed trucks, maintenance personnel, veterinarians and other vehicles and staff under various weather conditions, and need to meet the requirements of minimum road width and turning radius.

3. Requirements for safety and epidemic prevention. Full consideration needs to be given to theft prevention, sabotage and arson.

4. Water and electricity requirements. Need to meet the cattle farm heating, lighting, pumps, vehicles and other electricity, through grounding to reduce the drift voltage problem. In addition, a backup generator set is required for use in the event of a power outage. The power system of the cattle farm can be connected to three-phase electricity according to the local power supply.

5. Wind and snow control. Windbreaks help to change the direction of the wind in winter and control blizzards. We can make full use of the windbreak effect of existing trees, buildings, hillsides and haystacks, but at the same time, we should pay attention not to hinder the ventilation and drainage in summer.

Architectural layout of cattle farm

The configuration of various buildings in beef farms should be based on the principle of adjusting measures to local conditions and scientific management, rational layout and overall arrangement. It should be neat, compact, save investment in capital construction, be conducive to the whole production process and facilitate epidemic prevention, and pay attention to fire safety.

1. Cowshed. The cowshed should be built in the center of the field. In order to facilitate feeding and management, shorten the transport route as much as possible, not only to facilitate daylighting, but also to facilitate wind prevention. When building several cowhouses, the parallel configuration of long axis should be adopted. When the cowshed is more than 4 buildings, two rows can be arranged side by side, with the front and rear alignment about 10 meters apart. The barn building should include the tool room and the duty room. For small cattle farms without water towers and feed preparation rooms, wells, water tanks (forbidden water storage tanks) and seasoning rooms should also be set up in the beef cattle house. The road should be planned around the barn and between the barn and the barn. Both sides of the road and around the buildings of the cattle farm should be green, which can shade and regulate the microclimate in summer.

2. Feed conditioning room. The feed conditioning room should be built in the center of the barn and near the water tower, close to each cowshed. At the same time, the convenience of transporting feed should also be considered.

3. Feed bank. The feed warehouse should be close to the feed conditioning room, the transportation is convenient, and the vehicle can reach the entrance of the feed warehouse directly. The haystack should be 50 meters away from the house and in the wind direction. The ammoniation pool and silage cellar can be located near the barn where it is convenient for transportation and access, but the sewage from the house and sports ground must be prevented from seeping into the ammoniation tank of the silage cellar.

4. Cattle farm office and dormitory. Cattle farm offices and dormitories should be built at the cattle farm gate and outside the farm. To prevent outsiders from going through the field and the family members of the staff and workers to enter and leave the field at will when contacting the work. There should be a special duty room in each beef barn.

5. Harmless treatment sites, manure storage sites and veterinary rooms. Harmless treatment sites, manure storage sites and veterinary rooms should be built in low-lying areas under the wind direction of the cowshed. Veterinary rooms and sick barns, harmless treatment sites, should be built in remote places 200 meters away from the beef barn to avoid the spread of disease.