Short-term fattening technology of beef cattle

Short-term fattening of beef cattle mainly refers to short-term fattening of uncastrated bulls, castrated cattle over 3 years old and various eliminated cows. Such cattle cannot produce high-quality beef. Simple fattening farms or farmers fattening mainly pursue the shelf and weight of cattle at the time of slaughter, and sell fattening live cattle. The fattening period is 120~150 days.

beef cattle selection

1, age choice: beef cattle age choice is not large, of course, the smaller the better. At the same age, cows and castrated cattle fattened better than uncastrated bulls.

2. Health examination: carefully check whether the oral cavity and teeth are intact, carefully observe chewing, feces, urination, limbs, etc., and the body is too short, narrow back, bow waist, sharp hip, and thin body condition is not suitable.

Pregnancy check: pregnancy check should be carried out on the eliminated cows to determine whether they are pregnant and then decide whether to purchase.

beef cattle feeding

1, recovery period (10~15 days): diet to high-quality green hay, wheatgrass, a small amount of silage grass, adequate drinking water, the first day does not give concentrate, the next day to a small amount of bran, 3 days after concentrate to maintain the original farmers or farm feed. And complete epidemic prevention, epidemic prevention, insect repellent and isolation observation.

Transition period (15~20 days): gradually realize the transformation from the original coarse material type to the fine material type. After the frame cattle recover and adapt, reduce green hay, increase silage and distiller's grains, feed about 15kg coarse feed per day, maintain 10~12% crude protein in concentrate, NEm 8.04MJ/kg, NEg 5.14MJ/kg, add 0.5% sodium bicarbonate, and gradually increase concentrate feed to 4kg/head/day.

3. Fattening period: stop feeding green hay at this stage to save cost, mainly green and juicy silage and distiller's grains, not restricting intake, maximum feeding amount of distiller's grains at later stage can reach 20 kg/head per day, silage is kept at 8 - 15 kg/head per day, and a small amount of wheat straw and rice straw are mainly fed at 3 kg/head per day to regulate gastrointestinal pH value and stimulate gastrointestinal motility, concentrate is gradually increased, concentrate is increased by about 1 - 2 kg/head per week, crude protein in concentrate is kept at 8 - 10%, NEm 7.68MJ/kg, NEg 4.96MJ/kg, adding 1.0% sodium bicarbonate, daily feed concentrate gradually stabilized at 4~ 6kg/head to market.

beef cattle management

Adequate drinking water: Free drinking water or drinking water no less than 3 times a day should be taken, and warm water should be drunk in winter. During tethering, after feeding during the day, clean forage grass and fill up drinking water.

2. Insecticide strengthening: Albendazole once orally at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight, abamectin intramuscular injection 0.2 mg/kg body weight, once a week at intervals. Use rhubarb sodium bicarbonate tablets or Chinese herbal medicine to strengthen the stomach of cattle.

3. Grouped and fixed trough: according to the variety, body size, strength of different groups of enclosure feeding, fattening period at most 15 heads per group, 6 heads group small group is the best, and relatively stable, in the fattening period each small group can only be out, no longer enter cattle, enclosure area 12 square meters ~18 square meters. For tethered cattle, the reins are 35 cm long and in a fixed position.

4. Feeding times: feed 2~3 times a day in the early stage of fattening, with an interval of 6 hours, and feed freely in the later stage. Tethered fattening at 21:00 p.m. to add slots to keep cattle fed at night.

5. For tethered cattle: especially fattening uncastrated cattle, someone must be on duty at night to prevent unbridled, fighting, injury, stress, and unnecessary cattle or personal accidents.

6. Pay attention to observation: prevent cattle reins from entangling corbels, or reins from pulling and damaging the skin of cattle heads, causing infection.

7, trace elements: feeding straw, distiller's grains based forage must pay attention to adding vitamin A, D and minerals, trace elements supplement.