Matters needing attention in the construction of cattle farm

The selection of cattle farm site should be carefully considered, overall arrangement and relatively long-term planning must be combined with agriculture and animal husbandry development planning, farmland capital construction planning and housing construction planning, and must meet the needs of modern cattle industry. The selected site, there should be room for development, let's get up and look at the matters needing attention in the construction of the cattle farm.

Construction planning of cattle farm

1. Barn: each barn is 60 meters long, 10 meters wide, 1.5 meters in the middle aisle, double-sided grooves, 60 centimeters wide, 75 centimeters high, 25 centimeters deep, 1.1 meters apart, and the ground slope is 15 degrees, which requires good ventilation.

2. Material shed construction land: every 100 cattle should be 30 meters long, 8 meters wide and 4.5 meters high. A total of 240 square meters of grass Peng, requires good ventilation.

3. Manure tank: 1 mu per 100 cattle. Cow dung can be used to make biogas, plant mushrooms, raise earthworms and so on.

Construction site selection of cattle farm

1, the terrain is high and dry: the beef farm should be built in a flat place with high and dry terrain, leeward to the sun, low groundwater level, high in the north and low in the south. Must not be built in a low depression, tuyere, so as to avoid difficulties in drainage, stagnant water in flood season and cold prevention in winter.

2. The soil quality is good: the sandy loam is the best. The soil is soft and permeable, Rain Water and urine are not easy to accumulate, and there is no hardening after rain, which is conducive to the cleaning, hygiene and drying of the cowshed and sports ground, and to prevent the occurrence of hoof disease and other diseases.

3. Adequate water sources: there should be sufficient water sources that meet the sanitary requirements to ensure production and life and drinking water for people and livestock. The water quality is good and free from poison, ensuring the safety and health of human beings and animals.

4. Rich forage: beef cattle need a large amount of feed, especially roughage, which is not suitable for transportation. Beef farms should be close to straw, silage and hay resources to ensure forage supply, reduce freight and reduce costs.

5, convenient transportation: the purchase of frame cattle and a large number of forage, the sale of fattening cattle and manure, transport volume is very large, frequent exchanges, some transport requirements rain or shine, therefore, beef farms should be built near roads or railways where transportation is convenient.

6. Health and epidemic prevention: 500 meters away from the main traffic roads, village factories, and 200 meters away from the general traffic road. It is also necessary to avoid slaughtering, processing and industrial and mining enterprises that pollute beef farms, especially chemical enterprises. It meets the requirements of veterinary health and environmental hygiene, and there is no source of infection around.

7. Saving land: no or less cultivated land is occupied.

Basic structure of cattle farm

1. The foundation and wall: the foundation depth is 8100 cm, the brick wall is 24 cm thick, the ridge height of the double-slope barn is 4.0 cm and 5.0 m, and the height of the front and rear eaves is 3.5 m. The lower part of the inner wall of the barn is not surrounded by the wall to prevent moisture from infiltrating into the wall and improve the firmness and insulation of the wall.

2. Doors and windows: the door is 2.1 to 2.2 meters high and 2.5 meters wide. The door is set as a double door, or a flip door can be set up and down. The enclosed window should be larger, 1.5 meters high and 1.5 meters wide, and the windowsill should be 1.2 meters high from the ground.

3, site area: beef cattle production, cattle farm management, staff life and other ancillary buildings need to determine the site and space. The size of the cattle farm can be calculated according to the required area of each cow and combined with long-term planning. The area of the cowshed and other houses is 15% to 20% of the total area of the site. Due to the difference in body size, production purpose and feeding methods, the cowshed area occupied by each cow is not the same. The area required for fattening cattle is 1.6 square meters per head, 2.3 square meters for each cow with matting grass in the fattening barn, and 2.0 square meters for each cow with fattening pen.

4. Roofs: double-sloping roofs are the most commonly used. This type of roof is suitable for long-span barns and for all kinds of cattle herds of all sizes. This kind of roof is economical, insulating and easy to build.

5. Cattle beds and grooves: most beef farms are fed through grooves. The cow bed is required to be 1.6 to 1.8 meters long and 1.0 to 1.2 meters wide. The slope of the cow bed is 1.5%, and the position of the end of the cow trough is high. The feeding trough is located in front of the cow bed, and the fixed cement trough is the most suitable for raising cattle. Its upper width is 0.6-0.8 m, the bottom width is 0.35-0.40 m, and the inner edge is 0.35 m high (near the cow bed) and the outer edge is 0.6-0.8 m high (near the aisle). In order to operate easily and save labor, a high channel should be built, and it is better to combine the channel with low slot. That is, the outer edge of the groove and the channel are on a horizontal plane.

6. Passageway and ditch: double row barn with head feeding, the middle passage is 1.4 to 1.8 meters wide. The width should be the raw meter that the feeder can pass, the depth is 0.15 to 0.3 meters, and the inclination is 50 to 100.