Common problems in Simmental cattle breeding

The purpose of my message here today is to share my more than ten years of farming experience with some farmers. I don't expect to help many farmers, but I really want to communicate with farmers. Friends, if there are any problems, we will study together. How to raise the cattle well is our ultimate goal. If there are any problems, we will communicate with each other.

1. Cattle friend: when did you start raising cattle and where did you raise cattle?

Jishun cattle Farm Wang Yu: my family began to raise fattening cattle in 2005, in Yitong, Jilin Province.

two。 Cattle raising friend: in what form is it raised?

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: take short-term fattening, raise to a certain weight and sell it to the slaughterhouse.

3. Cattle raising friend: why should it be introduced? Why not breed at home?

Jishun cattle Farm Wang Yu: if you breed yourself, you must first buy cows. The oestrus of cows is usually about 15 months. In addition, the mating period is 18 months as far as possible. If you breed prematurely, it may lead to dystocia. In addition, reproduction requires high technology. If you buy a cow of 5 or 6 months and weigh 300kg, you have to raise it for 10 months, reaching 1000 jin before you can breed, and you have to breed a cub for 10 months after mating. After giving birth, the cowboy needs to raise 300kg in 5 or 6 months, which will take about 2 years. Not counting the growing period of the cow, it takes a lot of cost to feed the cow for 10 months after mating, and the calf has to continue to be fed after giving birth, and the time needed to breed the calf is enough for a batch of fattening cattle to come out of the herd; in addition, plus the cost of breeding, vaccine and feed, you can imagine how much more it can cost to buy a calf. How much money can be saved by breeding? In short, I will not take cow breeding, my family is all bulls, growing fast. So, if you want to breed cattle, first of all, you have to have natural conditions and resources, there are grasslands or mountain areas that can graze, and the slope of the mountain area can not be too steep. In fact, it is also good to breed calves at present. Now we are limited to mountain grazing in the north, grazing is not allowed, and many people are changed to captive breeding. Because of the high cost, they will not do it, so with this condition, calves can be bred completely. I am very optimistic about this market at present. From the price of calves, we can see that there is a shortage of meat calves in China.

4. Cattle raising friend: so as you said, if breeding doesn't make money and doesn't breed, where does the calf come from?

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: it's not that I don't make money, but the resources and conditions needed are too harsh, and my breeding model is not suitable for breeding calves, because I am raised in captivity and the cost is high, so it is not as efficient as fattening. There is also a large part of breeding in our northeast region, they are stocked, the cost is low, the amount of concentrate input is small, and they rely on grazing for three seasons a year; in addition, they rely on state subsidies.

5. Cattle raising friend: how big calves do you buy, how big do you want to raise them, and how long will it take?

Wang Yu of Jishun cattle Farm: calves weighing 300 kilograms and 400 jin are generally introduced. In the initial stage of breeding, calves that are too small can not be raised, because the rumen of cattle is too small to be fully developed. Considering the adaptability, about 400 jin in the initial stage is relatively suitable, which is more cost-effective than breeding shelf cattle (500 kilograms and 800 jin are called shelf cattle). From the introduction of 300 kilos and 400 kilograms of calves to about 1400 kilograms, it will take 8 to 9 months according to the current feeding method in my family.

6. Cattle friend: how long will it take for the shelf cow to get out of the pen? How much profit?

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: 500 kilograms 800 jin called shelf cattle are generally raised for 4 months, with a profit of 3000 yuan to 4000 yuan. Breeding shelf cattle, as long as the market fluctuation is small, avoid seasonality, the risk is relatively small, the benefit is not high, the pre-cost is very large, now 600jin of cattle, to buy more than 7000-9000 yuan. A jin has reached about 14 yuan.

7. Breeding friends: why is the benefit of raising shelf cattle low?

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: generally, there are more shelf cattle in the north. Because of the cold weather, calves adapt slowly, and most of them breed 600, 700 and 800 jin. The introduction price is about 14 yuan per jin (January 2013). If it is a shelf cow that feeds hormones, it does not adapt to long-distance transportation, high mortality, advantages, disease resistance, strong adaptability, short cycle, large early investment, if initial breeding. Relatively marketable, if the technology is not mature enough, it is not recommended to raise shelf cattle. If the market is mature, as long as choose a good breed, there is generally no death, choose frame cattle, or can.

8. Cattle raising friend: for example, what is the import price of a calf of 400 kilograms and 500 kilograms?

Wang Yu of Jishun cattle Farm: all my family raise now are Simmental cattle. The average price of improved Simmental cattle introduced at the end of February this year is 5500 yuan. Last year it was 4300 yuan, which is 1200 yuan higher than last year.

9. Cattle friend: now 400 jin of calf is 5500 yuan, the price is so high, is it still profitable?

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: it can be clearly said that 5500 yuan for 400jin calves, (February 2013 price) this price is not high, if you think it is high, it means you do not understand the market, good breed, good calves, 400jin Simmental improved cattle, absolutely no less than 5000 yuan, less than 5000 yuan this price, want to buy a good calf, it is a dream.

At the beginning of 2010, the price of beef cattle was about 7.1 yuan, and the price of calves was about 7.5 yuan. At this time, people who had never raised cattle thought that the price of calves was very high.

At the end of 2010, the price of beef cattle reached about 7.8 yuan.

At the beginning of 2011, the price of calves reached about 8.3 yuan. At this time, people who have never raised calves still think that the price of calves is very high.

At the end of 2011, the price of beef cattle reached about 9.4 yuan.

At the beginning of 2012, the price of calves reached 10.5 Murray 12 yuan. Do you still think the price of calves is so high at this time?

At the beginning of 2012, Daniel reached about 11 yuan, and some people have been watching the cattle market for N years, but they don't dare to raise them. At present, there is a large gap in the number of beef cattle in China. As long as beef prices are not affected by food prices, they will certainly not fall, but can only rise, and people's consumption level will rise. If every household can easily eat beef, it is estimated that with the current quantity, it can only be satisfied by increasing dozens of times, so pork prices cannot be compared with beef prices.

10. Cattle friend: why is the price you said so high? On the Internet, the price of cattle steak in Shandong is only 2000 yuan for 300jin and a little more than 2800 for 400jin. Why is this?

Jishun cattle Farm Wang Yu: calves are divided into varieties and quality, different varieties, different prices, and the quality is also directly related to the price. (please remember that the price of calves is always higher than that of Daniel. This is 10000% sure) how to judge whether the price of a calf is appropriate? Generally speaking, if the market price of Daniel is about 9.5 yuan, the price of calf is basically above 10 yuan. If the market price of Daniel is 9.5 yuan, then the price of calves must be more than 9.5 yuan. There are hundreds of online cattle sellers in Shandong. If you don't understand, you will be deceived. People love to be cheap. If you don't correct your concept, you may be the next one to be tricked. Shandong cattle are not grown in the fields, so why are they so cheap? Is it because of the large number? Or is it because of subsidies? This is all bullshit. The price of killing meat is higher than selling it to you. Why sell it to you so cheaply? are you a relative? Or iron? I can't stand those who deceive farmers' friends, bury their conscience and deceive farmers' hard-earned money. Friends, pie will not fall in the sky. Be careful. You don't know you're stupid until you've been cheated. By then it's too late.

11. Cattle raising friend: so what is the price of the calf in January 2013 now?

Jishun cattle Farm Wang Yu: now about 400 jin of bulls cost 17 yuan in 14murmur. depending on the quality of the cattle, there is also a difference in price among different breeds, but the difference is not big. No matter it is any improved beef calf, it will definitely not be less than 14 yuan per jin.

twelve。 Cattle raising friend: the total cost of each cow, according to the current price, how much is the total investment of one head.

Jishun cattle Farm Wang Yu: according to the calf market in February 2013 (300 jin), plus the money for the purchase of calves, plus feed, water and electricity, labor, and vaccine. no, no, no. no, no, no. And so on, all expenses, the total investment of each head is about 5000 yuan, the specific cost is according to the local feed price, feeding method.

13. Cattle raising friend: what region and what breed should be chosen.

Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, * *, Hebei, Tianjin, Beijing, Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Xizang, all of these areas can raise improved Simmental cattle, which is currently the largest breed. Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, *, Hebei, Tianjin, Beijing, Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Xizang and other regions. Breeding improved Charolais cattle is also possible, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, Fujian, Zhejiang, Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing, Sichuan above the breeding of hybrid Simmental cattle, or improved yellow cattle, Limousin cattle, it is also possible, some areas are still raising local yellow cattle, yellow cattle basically do not cross and do not improve, has been eliminated, local cattle try not to raise, the growth rate is too slow, it is recommended to change varieties If the effect is different, the above areas and varieties are for reference only.

14. Cattle raising friends: they give us free transportation in Shandong. Is the payment on delivery credible?

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: this is not credible, do not think that the online website is very formal, in fact, you see, those websites are basically the same, or even one person, there are several websites, in fact, you really went to Shandong, you know, there is no farm, there is no animal husbandry, there is no base, just a liar, if you believe they will give you cash on delivery, you can give it a try. Do not think that there is no fraud in cash on delivery, there is something fishy, but you do not know the depth, what a liar does, as long as you walk into his circle, generally can not get away from you, if you can not find a suitable partner, I would like to do my best to help, at least will not let you be deceived.

15. Cattle friend: you mean that the lowest price of cowboy (400 jin) is 14 yuan, right?

Jishun cattle Farm Wang Yu: yes, absolutely no breed of cattle is less than 14 yuan (except junk cattle), and we don't buy sick cattle.

16. Cattle raising friend: how to judge the quality of the calf? What if I pay a good price, but I can't get a good one?

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: generally, the choice of calves is very critical, sick or not, how does it look, is the key issue of your later profit, there is no good calf, the growth is not good, how to ensure your efficiency, if you have not raised, certainly do not understand. With our eyes, we cattle breeders can see what grows fast and what grows big.

At first glance, the head is big and the neck is thick.

Second, look at the mouth, it must be big

If you look at your legs three times, you must be strong.

Look at the gap between the front legs. It must be wide.

Look at the cow's ass, it must be big.

Six look at the frame, buttocks high, wide, body length is appropriate

Seven look at the nose, there are no water droplets, do not buy, indicating the existence of disease

17. Cattle friend: so what is the price of Daniel that can be fenced?

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: the following prices are mostly quoted by friends from all over the country, the price is a comprehensive price, for reference only.

Cattle bred in January 2013 (live cattle)

Price 13-13.7 (city jin)

But many areas do not adopt the above-mentioned way of selling cattle, look at it with the eyes, generally according to the meat yield

In addition, the price should be based on the breed of cattle, body weight, not every breed can be sold at this price, some varieties are higher than the above price, the price is changing at any time, will be updated at any time.

18. Cattle friend: what are the risks of raising cattle?

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: the risk is that you can't buy a good breed, spend a high price, be cheated, be tricked, the cattle bought home grow slowly, even die, it's difficult to adapt, have a fever, spend a lot of money on medicine and treatment, and increase the input. It is not comprehensive enough in feed to meet the needs of cattle.

There is no need to worry about the market. The market is very good. I feel that the price of beef cattle will rise in the future. There's a lot of potential.

19. Cattle raising friend: why do some cattle breeders lose money?

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: first, improper breed selection, bad breed selection, you want to make money, dream, the same method of feeding, the same feed, junk cattle just do not gain meat, what can you do?

Second, the variety chosen is not suitable for the local climate, it is difficult to adapt, can not adapt, and is prone to disease, which has a lot to do with the usual prevention.

Third, the emergence of disease, difficult to treat, and finally lead to death, the cause of death is unknown. Can we not lose money.

Fourth, the partner who chose to buy the calf deceived you. The calf at a low price was sold to you at a high price, resulting in no profit for you.

Fifth, the feed collocation is unreasonable.

Sixth, management, technology is not in place.

Seventh, the sales price is too low.

20. Cattle raising friend: what is the general benefit of raising it in your way?

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: the benefit is hard to say. It has something to do with the market situation, feed cost, and the price sold. Normally, it is a net profit of more than 4000 yuan. The net profit of each head is close to 5000 yuan this year.

21. Cattle friend: so what kind of feed do you feed for raising cattle?

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: feed is divided into coarse feed and fine feed, and beef cattle are mainly roughage.

Coarse material: distiller's grains, bean curd dregs, forage grass, corn straw, wheat straw, rice straw, weeds, can be used as coarse material, it is best to choose two of them, or more than two kinds, to achieve the diversification of feed.

Fine ingredients: wheat bran (wheat bran), corn flour, soybean cake, soybean meal, cottonseed cake, rapeseed cake, can be used as concentrate.

Coarse material my family usually uses silage corn straw. In addition, add distiller's grains (the leftovers of the winery), fine materials: corn flour, wheat bran, soybean meal, additives, bone meal, salt, baking soda, trace elements (trace element additives generally can not be prepared by themselves, need to be purchased from regular manufacturers, use in accordance with the instructions within the specified period, the application of "three no" products is strictly prohibited. )

twenty-two。 Cattle raising friend: according to your ratio, how much does it cost for a cow per day?

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: this is difficult to calculate, because each stage, food intake is different, generally according to the body weight of cattle to increase concentrate input, divided into early, middle and late, normal concentrate input accounts for 0.8% of cow body weight, less, fattening more, roughage accounts for about 2.3% of cattle body weight, if you raise 900 jin of feed cost is not the same. This cycle is short, the investment is small, and the benefit is relatively small. At present, the main feeds used for raising cattle in my family are: corn straw, distiller's grains, soybean meal, wheat bran, corn flour, salt, bone meal, baking soda, additives. Combined with the local feed can also be selected according to the price (sweet potato rattan, peanut straw, rice straw, wheat straw, soybean straw, bean curd residue, rapeseed cake, etc.) so that the daily cost can be calculated. Generally, from raising a cow to going out of the pen, the feed cost is up to 2000 yuan-3000 yuan, depending on how big you feed. It used to cost 4000 yuan to fatten a cow, but now it costs almost 6000 yuan. The price of everything has gone up.

23. Cattle friend: what other expenses do you need besides feed?

Jishun cattle Farm Wang Yu: Labor cost (1500 yuan per person per month in my family) vaccine prevention and treatment of diseases (vaccine 4 murine once every 6 months, about 50 yuan each time), water and electricity expenses, transportation expenses.

24. Cattle raising friend: how much do you raise now?

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: at present 300 heads.

25. Cattle raising friend: how many people need to take care of a number like yours?

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: my formula hired three people, all relatives, generally mechanized cattle, a person can raise hundreds, my uncle and I as deputy, I am mainly responsible for materials, market understanding, technical aspects.

twenty-six。 Cattle raising friend: how many square meters does each head occupy?

Wang Yu of Jishun cattle Farm: normally, each head covers an area of at least 4 square meters. The best venue for the event is 6 Murray 10 square meters.

twenty-seven。 Cattle raising friend: how much does it cost per square meter of enclosure?

In short, the formal standard of cowshed construction does not mean that raising cattle can be successful, which has little to do with it.

twenty-eight。 Cattle raising friends: what should be paid attention to in the construction of a cowshed, and what conditions should it have?

Jishun cattle Farm Wang Yu: first of all, we should stay away from the people's place of residence, because animal husbandry, afraid of disease transmission, bad environmental hygiene, the state has regulations on this, with the exception of small farmers. Our cattle farm is three miles away from our village. now we collect mountains and restrict animal husbandry, so we should not build on large fields blindly, and it is not advisable to occupy land illegally, or directly lease factories and renovate houses, or it can also be used as a cowshed to save upfront funds.

twenty-nine。 Cattle raising friend: is there a subsidy for breeding now?

Wang Yu of Jishun cattle Farm: this depends on the region. Now Chongqing generally has subsidies on a small scale, regardless of breeding or fattening, about 400 yuan per head, and Harbin also has it, but it is stipulated that cows should breed, with a subsidy of about 500 yuan per head. Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan, Anhui, all have subsidies. It depends on the local government. There is no subsidy for breeding and fattening in my family. Specifically, you have to consult the local government or the Animal Husbandry Bureau.

thirty。 Cattle friend: how much do you usually raise and sell your cattle?

Wang Yu of Jishun Dairy Farm: normally, if you raise it to about 1400 jin, it also depends on the market price. if the price is good, you may sell it for 1400 jin, but it will never exceed 1500 jin. I have several friends whose families have raised at least 1,500 jin.

thirty-one。 Cattle friend: is the incidence of cattle high? Is there a mortality rate?

Jishun cattle Farm Wang Yu: there are no animals in animal husbandry that do not get sick, including people. Who has not been sick? However, the incidence of cattle is lower than that of people. In addition, it depends on your management, hygiene, and quarantine vaccine. If you do it comprehensively, the incidence rate can reach 1%. The mortality rate, during the six years of raising cattle in my family, one was lost in 2005 and one in 2008. Last year, three heads died, the death is very normal, to say immoral words, the dead cow is nothing more than to buy two less money.

thirty-two。 Cattle raising friend: if I want to raise it, what conditions do I need? How many heads are suitable for breeding in the early stage?

If there is no grassland, you can take straw farming, the best use of corn straw, rice straw, wheat, soybean straw is of low value, hard and indigestible, and there is no nutrition, unless it can be ammoniated (Baidu search ammoniation technology). If you have no mountains, no pastures, no straw, no land, then you are not suitable for raising, buying grass to raise this is a bit far-fetched, look for other industries.

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: generally, small farmers are controlled at about 20, and if there is less, there will be no profit to talk about.

thirty-three。 Cattle raising friend: can you raise it without technology? What should be paid attention to in the process of blending feed?

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: if you don't know anything, how to raise it, how to do everything, and if you don't understand, do it blindly, how can you ensure success? at least you have to understand simple things, read more materials, and buy some books. More technical problems still need to deepen understanding in the process of breeding, slowly accumulate experience, not a problem that can be solved in one day or two nights. Really want to raise, but also have to raise, want to learn technology from others, difficult, not do not teach, is really do not want to teach, even me, although I have said so much, a lot of nonsense, the real subtle technology, I will not reveal, this is the market. This is competition.

thirty-four。 Cattle friend: what should be paid attention to in the process of blending feed?

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: in the preparation of beef concentrate feed need to pay attention to the following matters: the preparation of concentrate feed, concentrate feed must include energy feed, protein feed, mineral feed, trace elements and vitamins, reasonable matching, in order to ensure the healthy growth of cattle.

thirty-five。 Cattle friend: where can I sell the cattle when they are raised?

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: almost all farmers are farmed, or friends who work in cities want to go back to their hometown to start a business. there is no foresight in this respect, but we must consider the market. We can't raise it at last, sell it casually, and if the price is low, our efficiency will be reduced a lot, selling 0.3 yuan less per jin, and a net profit of 3 or 400 yuan at one end. The quantity is large, and it is also considerable.

thirty-six。 Cattle friend: Shandong cattle seller said to sign a recycling contract, is it credible?

Why farming also lost money, and being deceived has a lot to do with, if you do not have sales channels, but also want to breed, it is recommended that you find a credible person to introduce, no foresight, there must be near-term worries. In today's information age, you should also know that some products are guaranteed to be recycled, but there are several that are really recycled, either this is not good, or which is bad, that is, you do not want to recycle your products, and beef cattle are recycled. Do you know the price of the transportation cost? you can imagine whether the transportation cost is paid by you or by the supplier. Even if you recycle and give you a low price, will you sell it to him?

thirty-seven。 Cattle friend: it is better to raise cattle or sheep.

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: the cattle market is very stable. Although it is not as profitable as raising sheep and the price is high, there is a large lack of beef market, and many people are not suitable for raising cattle. What is the reason? there are not even ordinary conditions, what conditions are there, that is, there is no basic feed, corn straw, or rice straw, distiller's grains, bean curd dregs, then excuse me, there is no such thing. How do you raise it? moreover, the cost of raising cattle is very high. The investment of each cow is 6000 Murray 7,000 yuan, which is not something that ordinary people can raise. With the addition of building a cowshed, 100000 yuan can not raise a few cattle, so in terms of capital investment and profit, raising sheep is relatively easier. It does not mean that there are fewer diseases in cattle, and no matter how big the cattle are, they also have morbidity and mortality. No one can avoid this, so according to their own funds and conditions. Examine the local market to see what you can raise and what is more appropriate.

thirty-eight。 Cattle friend: do you need any equipment to raise cattle?

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: straw chopper, boiler heating, not used in the south, solar energy, can ensure that cattle use warm boiled water in winter.

thirty-nine。 Cattle friend: how to deal with cow dung?

Wang Yu of Jishun cattle Farm: people who buy cow dung basically grow vegetables, grow greenhouses, and have seen cow dung raise earthworms, but they have not studied it, or directly return it to the field to save chemical fertilizer.

forty。 Cattle raising friend: give a general summary of the skills of raising cattle

Jishun cattle farm Wang Yu: we should pay attention to the following points: first, to select good breeds and good and mixed beef cattle; second, to control epidemic disease, deworming and health care to keep cattle healthy; third, reasonable matching of feed, appropriate proportion of fine and coarse feed, comprehensive nutrition, suitable volume and good palatability.

Breeding friends generally attach importance to profit, but this profit is generated in many ways.

1) Variety is the choice: first of all, according to the local climate, temperature, choose the variety suitable for the local climate, there is no good variety, just like farming without good seeds.

2) Feed collocation: feed collocation, nutrition balance, diversification, in order to ensure the nutrition needed by cattle and their growth rate.

3) daily vaccine hygiene management: poor hygiene, high morbidity, irregular use of vaccines, once the disease occurs, they know the stakes, spend money, and affect the growth of cattle.

4) the sales of beef cattle: they all sell adult cattle and are purchased through cattle dealers. The market price is 8 yuan. The cattle dealer will give you 7.8 yuan at most and sell 200 yuan less per head. This is a net profit.

To achieve the above, success is not far away from you.

The above questions are often asked by my friends over the past three years. I publish them today. First, I can let my friends know whether they are suitable for raising. On the other hand, we can all save a lot of time. If friends have any problems, we will study them together. How to raise the cattle well is our ultimate goal. If there is any problem, let's communicate more.

Contact: Wang Yu Enquiry Tel: 15774404666