Culture technology of red Pomfret

Red Pomfret, also known as Freshwater White Pomfret, was introduced into Taiwan Province of China in 1982. After that, it began to popularize and culture in freshwater fish ponds. It was introduced from Taiwan Province through Hong Kong in 1985 and was introduced into Guangdong Province on a trial basis in 1985. It was successfully artificially propagated in 1987 and gradually promoted throughout the country. It has become one of the most famous and special species with the highest annual output. Let's take a look at the red Pomfret culture technology.

Life habits

Pomfret lives in the middle and lower water layers, is clustered, can withstand hypoxia of 0.48mg / L, adapts to pH6.2~7.5 at pH, and usually begins to eat normally at 16 ℃. The growth temperature is 21-32 ℃, and the optimum growth temperature is 28-30 ℃. Pomfret is not tolerant to low temperature, and the water temperature of summer flower fingerling must be above 17 ℃. When the water temperature is 12 ℃, most adults lose balance and 8 ℃ die. Red Pomfret is an omnivorous fish, which eats mainly plankton at larval stage, organic detritus and artificial feed for juvenile fish, plankton, algae and all kinds of animal and plant feed at adult stage, such as dead fish, pupae, fish meal, rice bran, wheat bran, melon peel, vegetables and so on. Spawn many times a year. Artificial reproduction can be carried out when the water temperature is 25-30 ℃.

Artificial propagation

1. Site requirements: parent fish breeding ponds should be built in places with good water quality, convenient drainage and irrigation and surplus hot water. The pond should be cleaned and disinfected in advance, and the outdoor pool should be 1000-1500 square meters. The water depth is 1.5 to 2 meters and the water temperature is kept above 20 ℃. The indoor heat preservation pool is generally 50 square meters, with a water depth of 1 to 1.5 meters. The pool should be equipped with oxygen-increasing equipment, the water temperature should be kept at 20-26 ℃ according to the conditions, and the water temperature should be kept relatively constant during the overwintering period.

2. Fish stocking: the stocking density in the static pool is 230kg / m3, the warm running water condition can be increased to 57kg / m3, and the fish is disinfected with 2 ‰ salt solution for 15 minutes before stocking. Raise water hyacinth, green duckweed and so on in the pond. Replace fresh water every week according to the water quality.

3. Feed feeding: the protein content in the feed should not be less than 25%, and the daily feeding amount accounts for about 10.3% of the fish body weight. The feed is fed on the table. Usually pay attention to the prevention and control of fish disease.

4. Timely induction of spawning: the optimum water temperature for induced spawning of red Pomfret is 25-28 ℃, and the Yangtze River basin is usually heated for spawning in May. According to the gonadal development, the mature parent fish were injected with oxytocin with the ratio of female to male = 1 ∶ 1. The injection time is usually carried out at night, so that the parent fish spawn at dawn. The fertilized eggs are generally hatched in the hatching bucket meat, and the hatched fry are bred into summer fry after more than one month.

Adult fish culture

The main results are as follows: 1. Pond conditions: the suitable area is 5 mu, the depth of water storage is more than 1.5 m, 15 days before putting fish, sprinkle the pond with tea bran 30kg / mu or quicklime 60kg / mu.

2. Stocking density: 1500 red Pomfret summer fry with silver carp, bighead carp, common carp and crucian carp are stocked with about 3cm per mu.

3. Daily management

Within half a month after entering the pond, ① fish were fed with 1.5-2kg soybean paste per mu every day, and then soaked and fed with 2kg-2.5kg peanut cake per mu in the second half of the month. After a month, it grew to 1213cm and 1215g.

After the ② fish fry grows to 12g 15g, rapeseed cake, bran cake or duck feed, fish feed, etc., are fed at a fixed point, and the proportion of fish body weight is 10g 20g fish fingerling 60.9%, 20g fish fingerling 50.7%, 50g 100g fish fry 40.6%, 50g 100g fish fingerling 40.6%, and when 100g is more than 100g, it is 20.4%.

③ can increase the oxygen content of the water, maintain the good water quality and accelerate the growth of fish by injecting fresh water into the pond in time to adjust the water quality. Generally, the water is injected once every half a month. When the weather is dry, the frequency of water injection should be increased.

④ inspects ponds frequently to know the growth of fish at the right time. When the weather is muggy and sudden, pay attention to prevent flooding ponds and control the amount of feeding.

⑤ red Pomfret does not have high requirements for feed, and the crude protein is above 25%. Peanut cake, rapeseed cake, bran cake, distiller's grains and wheat bran can be selected according to the situation, and it is best to mix and feed, or livestock and poultry feed feces or full-price compound feed.

Disease prevention and treatment

1. Cucumber disease: before entering the pool, it was found that it was soaked with 2ppm mercurous nitrate for 1.5 or 2 hours. After entering the pool, it was found that it was sprinkled all over the pool with 0.1~0.15ppm mercurous nitrate. Once a day for three consecutive days. Or boil with dried chili powder and sprinkle it all over the pool, once a day for 3 consecutive days. Be careful not to use the mixture of cuprous and ferrous acid, which will aggravate the disease.

2. White skin disease: fish injury, sprinkle it all over the pond with 1ppm bleach (containing more than 20% chlorine) once a day for three consecutive days. Or soak with 12.5ppm chlortetracycline or 25ppm oxytetracycline for 30 minutes.

3. Bacterial Gill rot: regularly hang bags with bleach and sprinkle it with lppm white powder in the whole pool every half a month to prevent it. After the onset of the disease, 0.025PPm furazolidone was sprinkled throughout the whole pool, once every other day, twice in a row.

4. Water mildew: sprinkle the whole pool with 0.1ppm methylene blue once a day for two consecutive days or 30.4% salt water for minutes.

5. Rotifer and oblique trichomoniasis: the mixture of copper 1.2~1.5pm and ferrous acid (5:2) was sprinkled all over the pond.