Cultivation method of clove flower

Clove flower is a general term for deciduous shrubs or small trees of the genus Oleaceae. Many kinds of flowers are raw materials for extracting flavors and preparing high-grade spices, and their branches and leaves are luxuriant, and the flowers are elegant and fragrant, so the garden is widely cultivated for viewing and is a treasure in the garden. Let's take a look at the cultivation methods of lilac flowers.

Growth habits of lilac

Lilacs like light, warm, moist and sunny, slightly resistant to shade, weak growth in shade or semi-shade, rare flowering, cold tolerance and strong drought tolerance. Lax requirements on the soil, resistance to barren, like fertile, well-drained soil, avoid planting in low-lying land, stagnant water will cause disease, until the death of the whole plant. After defoliation, bare roots were transplanted before germination, and sunny places with fertile soil and good drainage were selected for planting, mainly distributed in subtropical subalpine, hillside forest edge from warm temperate zone to temperate zone, under forest and sunny shrub in cold temperate zone.

Propagation methods of clove flowers

1. Grafting: grafting is the main method of propagation, which can be done by bud grafting or branch grafting. European cloves or lobular privet are mostly used in rootstocks, and bud grafting is usually carried out from late June to mid-July in North China. The scion selected the full dormant buds on the healthy branches of the year, grafted with shield buds without xylem and connected to the trunk of the rootstock 5 centimeters and 10 centimeters above the ground.

2. Sowing: it can be sowed in indoor pot or open field in spring and autumn. Spring sowing is the best in the north. Cold room pot sowing is carried out in late March, the temperature is maintained at 10: 22 ℃, seedlings can emerge in 14: 25 days, and the seedling emergence rate is 40: 90%. Spring sowing in the open field can be carried out from late March to early April. Before sowing, the seeds should be stored in sand for 2 months under the condition of 0: 7 ℃, and the seedlings will emerge half a month after sowing.

3. Cuttings: one month after flowering, the semi-lignified sturdy branches of the same year can be selected as cuttings, the cuttings are about 15 cm long, treated with 50~100PPM indolebutyric acid aqueous solution for 15 hours, and covered with plastic film after cutting. after 1 month, they can take root, and the rooting rate is up to 80%. Lignified branches can also be taken in autumn and winter for cuttings, generally buried in the open field, and cut in the following spring.

Culture methods of clove flowers

1. Planting: cloves should be planted in sunny places with loose soil and good drainage. Generally, bare roots are planted before sprouting branches in spring, with a distance of 3 meters. The hole diameter of 2-year-old 3-year-old seedlings should be 70-80 cm and the depth should be 50-60 cm. 100 grams of fully mature organic fertilizer and 100 grams of 150 grams of bone meal were applied to each hole, which were fully mixed with the soil as base fertilizer.

2. Watering: water cloves thoroughly after planting, and then water the river every 10 days. Loosen the soil and preserve soil moisture after each watering. Irrigation can vary from April to June in North China, which is the season for cloves to grow vigorously and blossom. It is necessary to irrigate 2 or 3 times a month. When the rainy season enters after July, attention should be paid to drainage and waterlogging, and sufficient water should be irrigated before winter begins in mid-November.

3. Pruning: cloves are planted with 3-4-year-old seedlings, and the branches on the ground should be strongly pruned, usually cut off from 30 cm above the ground, and luxuriant flowers can bloom in the second year. Pruning is carried out before sprouting in spring, mainly cutting off the thin and weak branches and overdense branches, and reasonably retaining the regeneration branches. The residual spike should be cut off after flowering.

4, fertilization: cloves generally do not apply fertilizer or only apply a small amount of fertilizer, do not apply too much fertilizer, otherwise it will cause overgrowth, fir and affect the formation of flower buds, on the other hand, reduce flowering. But some phosphorus, potash and nitrogen fertilizer should be applied after flowering.

5. Diseases and insects: the diseases of cloves include bacterial or fungal diseases, such as Fusarium wilt, leaf blight, wilt, etc., as well as diseases caused by viruses, which usually occur in the period of high temperature and humidity in summer. Pests include caterpillars, diamondback moths, leaf moths, wasps, shell insects and so on.