Propagation techniques of peony seedlings

Peony is a unique woody and precious flower in China. It is a perennial deciduous shrub of Paeonia lactiflora in the peony family. It is known as the "king of flowers". In May 1985, it was ranked second among the top ten famous flowers in China. The propagation methods include ramet, grafting, sowing, etc., but most of them are ramet and grafting, and the sowing methods are mostly used to cultivate new varieties. Let's take a look at the propagation technology of peony seedlings.

Ramet propagation

The whole tree of tree peony with luxuriant growth is dug up and separated from the junction of root texture. the number of molecular plants of each plant depends on the size of the original plant, the big one is more than the small one. Generally, every 3-4 branches is a seed plant, and has a more complete root system. Then smear the wound on the root with a little sulfur powder and mud, wipe it evenly, and then plant it separately. The time of ramet propagation is during the period from the Autumn Equinox to Frosts Descent every year, and it is better to do it at the right time. At this time, the air temperature and ground temperature are high, peony is in a semi-dormant state, but there is still a long period of vegetative growth time, ramet cultivation has no serious effect on root growth, and some new roots and a small number of plant buds can be produced after ramet planting. If the ramet is planted too late, the root growth is very weak, or there is no new root, the next spring, the plant development is weaker, the root is weak, it is not resistant to drought, easy to die. If the ramet is too early, the air temperature and ground temperature are high, and it can grow rapidly, which is easy to cause autumn hair.

Cuttage propagation

Cutting propagation is a method to propagate new plants by using the adventitious roots of tree peony branches, and it is one of the methods of asexual propagation. The method is to cut off the branches of the cuttings, detach them from the mother plant, and then insert them into the soil or other substrates to make them take root and become new plants. For the branches propagated by peony cuttings, the annual soil buds from the roots of the peony should be selected, or during the shaping and pruning of the peony, the branches with full stems and full terminal buds without diseases and insect pests should be selected as ears, with a length of 10 cm to 18 cm. The root of peony is fleshy root, which likes high dryness, avoid dampness and is resistant to drought. Therefore, the nursery bed should be ventilated and sunny, and a high bed should be built to raise seedlings. When cutting, irrigate one bed after cutting, and water it thoroughly at one time.

Sowing and reproduction

Sowing reproduction is to reproduce with seeds or to select new varieties, which is a method of sexual reproduction. Before sowing, the soil must be carefully arranged and disinfected, the land should be ploughed and carefully cultivated, and sufficient base fertilizer should be applied. Then build a small bed 70 to 80 centimeters wide, hole sowing or strip sowing can be done. Sowing should not be too deep, with a degree of 3 to 4 centimeters, and the soil should be covered with a flat surface after sowing. Then gently stabilize the soil, and then pour water through.

Striping propagation

Peony striping propagation is a method of propagation based on the fact that branches can produce adventitious roots, pressing branches or burying them with soil on the plant without leaving the mother plant, keeping the soil moist, rooting in the buried place, and then cutting off and planting to become a new plant, which is also a method of asexual reproduction of peony. This method mainly includes: covering basin, cultivating soil and pressing strip method and double flat method.

Tissue culture

According to the totipotency of plant tissue cells, tissue culture and propagation is carried out in vitro by using the embryos, flower buds, stem tips, tender leaves and petioles of tree peony. Generally, these materials are soaked in 75% semen for 5 minutes for 10 minutes, and immediately washed in aseptic water, then soaked in 5% Antifumin solution for 7 minutes for 10 minutes for surface sterilization, and then washed with sterile water for 3 times. Finally, it is put on the medium for aseptic culture. The basic medium was MS, and other additional components were indole caproic acid, naphthylacetic acid, indolebutyric acid, gibberellin, hydrolyzed protein and so on.

Grafting propagation

1. Embedding method: using peony root as rootstock, because the peony root is soft and has no hard heart, it is easy to be grafted, the root is thick and short, the nutrient is sufficient, and the growth is exuberant in the early stage after grafting. If the peony root is grafted, the xylem is hard, and the grafting is more difficult, but the life span is longer. The best time for grafting is from late September to early October every year, and the rootstock is a sturdy peony root with a diameter of 2 cm and a length of 10 cm.

2. Abdominal grafting: abdominal grafting is a method of high grafting to improve varieties, which is grafted into excellent varieties with different colors by using many branches of inferior tree peony or 8 ~ 10-year-old medicinal tree peony. The grafting time is from early July to mid-August. First, select peony plants with good varieties, fat plants, disease-free and insect-free peony plants, and cut the soil buds from the ground, or the short shoots of the same year are 5-7 cm long, preferably with 2-3 strong buds as scions. Leave a petiole on the scion. After selecting the scion, make an oblique cut on the back of the lower bud of the scion into a horse ear shape, and then obliquely cut into a wedge on the other side of the Maltese shape, so that both sides of the graft can be angled to the cambium tissue between the xylem and phloem, so that it is easy to survive. Before and after abdominal grafting of peony, the suitable humidity for normal plant growth should be maintained except without irrigation in the rainy season.

3. Budding method: the budding method is carried out from May to July, and the sunny day is better for grafting. There are two methods: skin sticking method and bud replacement method. The peeling method is to cut off a rectangular or shield-shaped incision on the annual branch of the rootstock together with the woody part, and then cut off the axillary bud of the scion together with the xylem to cut off a bud of the same size and shape as that on the rootstock, then buckle the bud block quickly to the cut of the rootstock and fasten it with a plastic rope. The method of bud replacement is to remove the axillary buds of the grafted part of the rootstock together with the cambium, retain the complete bud embryo on the xylem, then peel off the axillary bud of the reverse scion with the same method, and quickly cover the bud embryo of the rootstock, paying attention to the fact that the two should coincide with each other. finally, fasten it with plastic rope. The grafted plants should be irrigated, loosened and fertilized in time to promote their healing.