The process of making pine bonsai

There are nearly 80 species of pine trees in the world. The trees are majestic and vigorous, tall and long-lived, and have important ornamental value. Although most of them are tall trees, there are also a few of them are shrub-like, such as Yanpong and site pine. People often make small pine trees into bonsai for people to enjoy. Let's take a look at the process of making pine bonsai.

The process of making pine bonsai

1. Material selection: the production of pine bonsai is generally based on Luohan pine, and the bonsai of Luohan pine is usually based on artificial propagation, which can be propagated by sowing or cutting. You can also choose wild Pinus elliottii in the mountains, which can be excavated by those born in stone crevices with short plants, quaint branches and beautiful posture. They can be cultivated in the open field for 1 ~ 2 years, and then transplanted into the basin for processing and modeling.

2, selected basin: pine bonsai posture is ancient and elegant, often use purple sand pottery basin or glazed pottery basin, the shape of the basin depends on the tree shape, cliff type with high-depth thousand-cylinder basin, oblique dry type, horizontal dry type with medium-deep long square basin or oval basin, root-lifting type, stone-attached type with shallow bowl.

3, use soil: pine bonsai should use rich, moist, loose, well-drained and slightly acidic sandy loam, and fill a layer of coarse sand at the bottom of the basin to facilitate water permeability.

4. Planting: it is better to transplant pine bonsai in the pot before sprouting in spring, and the big seedlings should take the soil, cut off the withered roots and overgrown roots, stretch the fibrous roots in the basin soil, and closely connect the soil with the roots, which is beneficial to growth and survival.

5, modeling: the modeling of pine bonsai can not be careless, the upper basin shape is mainly climbing, properly combined with pruning, climbing should be carried out in the dormant period, with brown silk tie, so that the brown is not exposed, the trunk cricket, the branches are bent, and the posture is natural. The branchlets and leaves are pruned into layers like flakes or hemispheres, with different layers.

Maintenance and management of pine bonsai

1. Environment: pine trees are cold-resistant and drought-resistant, and can be placed perennially on the slopes and balconies of the courtyard, where the light is sufficient and the air is flowing. However, small bonsai should not be exposed to strong light at the height of summer. Winter can be overwintered in the open field, it is best to bury people in the basin to the sunny leeward place. If you spend the winter indoors, the room temperature should not be too high, Ching Ming Festival can move to the outside.

2, watering: pine trees like to dry but avoid stagnant water, watering should not be excessive, only when it is dry, it will be watered thoroughly. Proper water control during the growing period can make the branches thick and short, the needles short, and increase the ornamental value. When it is hot in summer, foliar water can be sprayed frequently, which is beneficial to growth.

3. Fertilization: pine pine can tolerate barren, lack of fertilizer in soil, can grow normally, and promote short stem, dense branches and short leaves. However, the proper application of thin and rotten cake fertilizer and water during the growing period is beneficial to robust growth and increase the ability of resistance to diseases and insect pests.

4. Pruning: in order to maintain its beautiful and elegant shape, the bonsai of pine trees should be pruned properly. The main purpose of pruning is to pick buds during the growing period, 3 to 4 evenly every year. When the new buds elongate but have not yet produced needles, the apical buds can be removed about 1 / 2 of each tip bud. If the bonsai with growing branches is not needed, all the terminal buds can be removed. The branches that affect the appearance of the tree can be pruned during the dormant period.

5. Turning the basin: the pine bonsai is usually turned once every 3 to 5 years, and it is suitable to be carried out from February to March. When turning the basin, it is necessary to keep the original basin soil intact, remove 1 inch and 2 old soil, cut off overgrown roots, as well as withered and rotten roots, and trim some unnecessary branches and leaves to maintain the balance between the upper and lower parts of the basin soil. If the capacity of the original basin is not enough, it can be replaced with a slightly larger new basin, and the planting method is the same as that of the upper basin.

6. Diseases and insect pests: the common diseases of pine trees are leaf rust, deciduous disease, twig disease and pine tumor disease. Pine needle rust and pine tumor disease can be sprayed with 65% wettable thiram or zinc 300 times solution, and deciduous disease can be sprayed with 0.5 Baume stone sulfur mixture. Common pests are aphids, shell insects, red spiders and pine tip borer. Red spiders and pine tip borer can be sprayed with 2000 times of 40% dimethoate EC or 1000-1500 times of 40% dimethoate EC.

Common types of pine bonsai

1. Jungle style: the jungle bonsai is a miniature version of the forest, and the jungle bonsai is a hierarchical bonsai formed by the combination of multiple trees.

2. Oblique dry type: the trunk of the oblique dry bonsai is tilted to one side, some trunks are slightly bent, and the branches protrude out of the basin, the whole shape will appear steeper and stable. oblique dry bonsai can reflect the complete artistic effect of the balance of tree trend and dynamic and static changes.

3. Horizontal dry type: the pile head of horizontal dry bonsai can be divided into horizontal bonsai, supine bonsai and semi-horizontal bonsai. The pile head of the horizontal bonsai lies there horizontally, and the top of the treetop cannot exceed the height of the trunk itself. The upper 1/5 of the pile head of the supine bonsai is oblique or upright, and the lower 4/5 is lying flat or slightly tilted upward. The pile head of a semi-horizontal bonsai the lower part of its stem is lying horizontally or tilted upward.

4. Cliff type: the overhanging rock type bonsai can be divided into two types: the large overhanging rock type bonsai and the tree trunk exceeding the potted bottom type bonsai. The semi-overhanging rock type bonsai is also called small land type bonsai. The trunk of the bonsai extends out of the basin, and the trunk droops but cannot exceed the bottom of the basin.

5. Root-lifting bonsai: the root-style bonsai is to expose the roots to the outside of the soil, the roots are like a dragon Panqu, or like eagle claws hanging high, the root-style bonsai reveals a sense of elegance.

6. Split type: the trunk of the split bonsai will be peeled off after decades or even hundreds of years of natural forces, as long as a part of the tree's xylem and epidermis are attached to it, some parts of the bark and branches are not interrupted, and the branches can grow new branches and leaves, with an ancient artistic conception.

7. Epiphytic type: the trunk of the epiphytic bonsai stump shows the state of dead wood, leaving only part of the xylem and cortex to support it.