Where is the origin of sweet-scented osmanthus?

Sweet-scented osmanthus is the customary name of many trees of the genus Oleaceae, also known as Cinnamomum osmanthus, Jiuli incense, Golden millet and so on. It is one of the top ten traditional flowers in China. It is a fine garden tree species that integrates greening, beautification and fragrance. It is pure and dusty. It has been deeply loved by the Chinese since ancient times. Let's take a look at the origin of sweet-scented osmanthus.

Where is the origin of sweet-scented osmanthus?

Osmanthus fragrans are native to the eastern part of the Himalayas in southwest China, and are also distributed in India, Nepal and Cambodia. Wild sweet-scented osmanthus grows in southwest China, Sichuan, southern Shaanxi, Yunnan, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Henan and other places. It is widely planted in the Huaihe River basin and south. The suitable area can reach the lower reaches of the Yellow River in the north and Liangguang, Hainan and other places in the south. And formed Anhui Lu'an, Hubei Xianning, Hunan Taoyuan, Jiangsu Suzhou, Guangxi Guilin, Hubei Wuhan, Zhejiang Hangzhou and Sichuan Chengdu several national famous sweet-scented osmanthus commodity production bases.

Environment of producing area of Osmanthus fragrans

Osmanthus fragrans is suitable for subtropical climate and is warm and humid. The average temperature of planting area is 14: 28 ℃, the average temperature in July is 24: 28 ℃, the average temperature in January is above 0 ℃, the lowest temperature is-13 ℃, and the optimum temperature for growth is 15-28 ℃. Humidity is extremely important to the growth and development of sweet-scented osmanthus, requiring an average annual humidity of 75-85% and an annual precipitation of about 1000 mm, especially when young and adult trees blossom, and will affect flowering in case of drought. Strong sunshine and shade are harmful to its growth, generally requiring 6-8 hours of light a day. Strong stress resistance, not only high temperature, but also more cold-resistant, in China's Qinling Mountains, areas south of the Huaihe River can overwinter in the open field.

Four strains of Osmanthus fragrans

1. Four seasons cassia varieties: four seasons cassia tufted shrubby, tree-shaped low, short and dense branches, round crown. The new leaves are deep red and the old mature leaves are green or yellowish green. The leaf is oval in shape, and the intersection angle between the main vein and the lateral vein of the leaf is very large, close to the vertical state. Flower buds are often solitary or 2-3 superimposed, blooming in batches from September to March every year, and the flower fragrance is not as strong as silver cinnamon, cinnamon and cinnamon. Common varieties are big leaf four seasons cinnamon, leaflet four seasons cinnamon, four seasons flowering laurel, Japanese incense, big leaf Buddha top bead, tooth leaf four seasons cinnamon and other varieties.

2. Cinnamon population: Cinnamomum dioecious, the crown is round, the bark is light gray, smooth and the lenticels are sparse. Leaves leathery, long elliptic or elliptic, flat, margin retrorse, entire, apex occasionally sparsely toothed, base broadly cuneate, apex obtuse or mucronate, lateral veins 8-10 pairs, reticulate veins obvious on both sides, petiole 8-10 mm long. The flower color is orange-red, the Corolla is slightly buckled, the fragrance is light, and the flowering period is from late September to early October. There are big flower cinnamon, tooth cinnamon, cinnamon cinnamon, broad leaf red and other varieties.

3. Jin Guipin population: the crown of Jin Gui is spherical, the tree is strong, and the branches are tall and straight, very close. The bark is gray, the lenticels are round or oval, and the spring shoots are stout. The leaf color is dark green, the leaf blade is oval, the leaf surface is uneven, the leaf edge is microwave curved. Flowers yellow, fragrant, not sturdy, autumn flowering, lemon yellow to golden yellow flowers. The varieties are Dahua Jingui, Daye Huang, Huangchuan Jingui, late Jingui, Yuanye Jingui, Xianning Evening Gui, Ball Gui, Yuanjian Jingui, Liu Ye Su Gui, Jin Shigui, Boye Jingui and so on.

4. Silver cinnamon population: the crown of silver cinnamon is round, the big branches are developed, the branches and leaves are dense and grow well. Bark light gray, lenticels are many and large, shaped like snowflakes, very obvious. The leaf is green or dark green, long oval or oval, the leaf is broad and thick, and the leaf surface is more spreading. Flowering in the first and middle of September, the color of milky yellow to lemon yellow, rich aroma, not strong after flowering, autumn flowering. Varieties are broad-leaf seed silver cinnamon, willow leaf silver cinnamon, hard leaf silver cinnamon, seed silver cinnamon, Jiulong cinnamon, early silver cinnamon, evening silver cinnamon, Baijie, pure white silver cinnamon, Qingshan silver cinnamon, etc.