Culture methods of geraniums

Geranium is a perennial herb of the family Pelargoniaceae, native to southern Africa, widely cultivated all over the world, with strong adaptability, bright flowers, long flowering period, suitable for indoor display, flower bed layout, etc., in the West is a very good decoration windowsill flowers, in continental Europe, such as Germany and Austria and other countries, particularly common, let's take a look at the cultivation methods of geraniums!

Propagation methods of geraniums

1. Sowing and reproduction: it can be carried out in spring and autumn, and indoor pot sowing in spring is better. The optimum temperature for germination is 20-25 ℃. The geranium seed is not large, and the soil cover should not be deep after sowing, and it will germinate in about 2-5 days. It will sow in autumn and blossom in the summer of the following year. After sowing and propagation, excellent intermediate varieties can be selected and bred.

2. Cutting propagation: except that the plant is semi-dormant from June to July, it is better in spring and autumn, and the cuttings are easy to blacken and rot in summer. The cuttings are 10 cm long, and the top part is the best, with vigorous growth and fast rooting. After cutting the cuttings, let the cut dry for several days, form a thin film, and then insert it into the sand bed or the mixed matrix of expanded perlite and peat, be careful not to hurt the bark of the cuttings, otherwise the wound will rot easily. After insertion, put it in a semi-shaded place and keep it at room temperature for 13-18 ℃. It will take root after 14-21 days. When the root length is 3-4 cm, it can be potted.

3. Tissue culture: geranium can also be propagated by tissue culture. Using MS medium as the basic medium, 0.001% indole acetic acid and kinetin were added to promote callus and adventitious buds, and 0.01% indole acetic acid was used to promote rooting. The method of tissue culture provides a new way for the breeding of improved varieties and superposition of new varieties of geranium.

Culture methods of geraniums

1. Temperature control: the most suitable temperature for geranium is 10-20 ℃, that is, spring and autumn is the most suitable, too cold in winter and too hot in summer. So in summer, you must prevent the sun from being exposed to the sun and put it in a cool place. In winter, the indoor temperature should not be lower than 0 ℃, otherwise it will be frostbitten. If there is no warm equipment, turning on a 200 °big light bulb in a small room also has a certain anti-freezing effect.

2. Moisture control: geraniums are taboo to be overwatered. If the roots of geraniums are found to fester, it may be due to overwatering and muggy weather. The frequency of watering is controlled to be watered once every three or two days, with a large amount of water each time to ensure that it is thoroughly watered.

3. Soil selection: geranium is suitable to survive in sandy soil, and the soil bought in the flower market mixed with some sandy soil is more beneficial to the growth of geranium.

4. Weather influence: the windy weather will blow the geranium, while the heavy rain will make the root system of the geranium soaked by Rain Water, causing the root to breathe anoxia and fester.

6. Fertilization control: applying too much fertilizer at one time will cause dehydration of geraniums. If you apply too much fertilizer, such as applying too much nitrogen fertilizer, the plant will grow too fast and will not blossom. Too much fertilization and logistical watering can relieve symptoms.

7, lighting conditions: sufficient sunlight helps the geranium blossom, but the temperature is too high should not be direct sunlight, in the spring and autumn season more sunshine, in the summer, pay attention to the temperature, the temperature is too high should avoid making the geranium receive light.

Matters needing attention of geranium

January: put in a sunny place to prevent victimization. Watering when the weather is fine, it should be carried out at noon, do not use snow water, cold water.

February: apply thin liquid fertilizer every 2 weeks, appropriately increase the amount of water, and pay attention to ventilation in good days.

March: cutting propagation can be carried out in combination with pruning. Cuttings should be cut from mother plants with frequent flowering, pure varieties and good growth. Each ear is 4-6 cm long and has 2-3 nodes. The last leaf is cut off and placed in a cool place for one day, and then cut after the cut is dry. Select sandy land with high dryness and smooth drainage, rake deeply and make a seedbed, then mix 60% yellow mud with 40% bran ash and spread it on the seedling bed for cutting.

April: continue cutting propagation. Sowing and propagation, because the seed is not large, the soil cover should not be too deep, the heat preservation after sowing is 20: 25 ℃, and it can germinate about 2 weeks after sowing. After the cuttings took root, the cuttings should be put into the pot in time, and the culture soil should be mixed with humus soil, rice bran ash and garden soil, and some compound fertilizer such as bone powder, phosphorus and potassium should be added. The flowering period is from April to June, and thin liquid fertilizer can be applied once a week. It can be moved to outdoor culture in the next ten days. When the seedling is 12-15 cm high, it is coring, which promotes the formation of lateral branches.

May: cut off the residual flowers in time after shedding the flowers, and it should be 3-4 cm away from the first leaf at the lower end of the pedicel, so as to reduce nutrient consumption and promote the growth of new flowers. Do a good job in fertilization, watering and pest control. When the seeds mature 40-50 days after flowering, they should be harvested in time and dried for storage.

June: with the end of the flowering period, short pruning should be carried out to make the plant short, strong, perfect and beautiful, without watering or fertilization for a week after cutting, so as to make the cut dry and shrink and avoid water dampness and rot. In the last ten days, when the plant enters a semi-dormant state, it should be cultured in the shade and cool, controlled watering and stopped fertilizing.

July: every day is watered mainly in the early morning, supplemented in the evening, and watered when dry. Drain water in time after rain and avoid stagnant water in the basin.

August: feasible cutting propagation in autumn. The geranium grows rapidly and needs to be turned over, replaced with new soil and re-cut every year, leaving the base about 10 cm. Also appropriate to trim some longer fibrous roots, the upper excess sprouts, but also appropriate peeling.

September: continue cutting. Grow rapidly, apply thin liquid fertilizer about 10 days, do not splash on the leaves.

October: begin to blossom until June of the following year. Pay attention to keep it away from the wind and the sun to prevent the attack of cold air. Move into the greenhouse in the last ten days and pay attention to ventilation.

November: ensure sufficient sunshine, control watering, fertilize in time, strengthen ventilation, and prevent the occurrence of diseases and insect pests.

December: room temperature should not be lower than 5 ℃, no drying, no watering, timely removal of residual flowers and dead leaves.