Culture methods of primrose

Yingchun flower is the earliest flower in many flowers, dignified and beautiful, extraordinary temperament, so it is very popular with people. It has a cultivation history of more than 1000 years. It has been recorded in Bai Juyi's poem "Dai Yingchun Flower Calls Liu Doctor" in Tang Dynasty, Han Qi's "Zhongshu East Hall Yingchun" in Song Dynasty and Zhou Wenhua's "History of Runan Nursery" in Ming Dynasty. Let's take a look at the cultivation method of Yingchun flower together.

The breeding method of winter jasmine

1, cuttage propagation: spring, summer, autumn three seasons can be carried out, cut semi-lignified branches 12-15 cm long, inserted into the sand, keep wet, about 15 days of natural roots.

2, layering propagation: the longer branches will be buried in the sand, do not have to cut, 40-50 days after rooting, the next spring and the mother plant separation transplant.

3, plant division propagation: can be carried out in spring bud germination. When transplanting in spring, part of the branches on the ground should be cut off and soil should be taken. Can also be dry inserted, that is, in a good seedbed after cuttage irrigation through water. Cuttings can be done from mid-October to mid-November or spring.

Cultivation method of winter jasmine

1. Soil: The cultivation of winter jasmine has certain requirements for soil, requiring loose fertile and well-drained sandy soil, which grows vigorously in acidic soil and grows poorly in alkaline soil.

2, temperature: in the summer sun head, high temperature, should be moved to the semi-shade, it is more conducive to its growth. Before and after the Spring Festival, it will be moved into the greenhouse or plastic shed, the room temperature will be kept at about 15℃, and flowers will be visible in about 15 days.

3. Watering: Spring is wet. Watering 1-3 times according to the dry and wet degree of soil before flowering to flowering period. Watering frequently before rainy season. Don't topdressing in growing season. Don't water after autumn to prevent branches from being too long and tender and unable to survive safely.

4. Fertilization: When planting spring, put a few pieces of animal hooves at the bottom of the pot as base fertilizer. In the spring growth period, 1~2 times a month to apply decomposed thin liquid fertilizer. July to August is the flower bud differentiation period of Yingchun, liquid fertilizer containing more phosphorus should be applied to facilitate the formation of flower buds. Such as in the early flowering stage, apply a decomposed thin organic liquid fertilizer, can make the flower color beautiful and prolong the flowering period.

5, pruning: winter jasmine germination is strong, during the growth period to often pick the heart, cut off or cut short some branches, in order to maintain the tree shape. After flowering, the branches should be cut short, generally leaving only 2~3 buds, the main branch can appropriately leave a few buds, after the new branches are born, if properly maintained, buds cluster.

6. Pest: There are few common pests in winter jasmine, mainly aphids. The control method is to spray 40% omethoate emulsion, dichlorvos 1500-1800 times solution or tobacco solution.

Prevention and control of winter jasmine pests

1. Mosaic disease

[Symptoms] Whole-plant disease caused by cucumber mosaic virus CMV. Symptoms are reduced leaves, deformity, distribution of dark green stripes or yellowing. Infected plants do not flower, or flower, flowers are short and deformed, there are stripes. The main route of transmission was peach aphid and cotton aphid. The main source of infection was the infected plants of surrounding weeds.

[Prevention and control] First of all, weeds should be removed in time to reduce the source of infection. Secondly, aphids should be controlled early to eliminate the vector.

2. Brown spot disease

[Symptoms] Most of them occur in the spring of the four seasons. Caused by Alternaria of the subphylum Hemiphyta. Brown spots on leaves of infected plants. The route of transmission is conidia spread by wind and rain.

[Control] At the beginning of the disease, spray 70% chlorothalonil wettable powder 1000 times solution and other fungicides.

3. Grey mold

[Symptoms] It is one of the common diseases of winter jasmine, which occurs all over the country. After infection, the whole plant yellows and dies. It mainly infects leaves, tender stems, flower organs, etc., mostly at leaf tips and leaf margins. At the beginning of the disease, water-soaked spots appeared on the leaves, which gradually expanded, turned brown and rotted. In the later stage, a grayish yellow mold layer formed on the surface of the lesion. After the stem is infected, the disease spot is brown and gradually decays. The flower organ becomes brown after infection, decays and falls off. Under wet conditions, gray mold layer appears on the diseased part, which is a major feature of the disease.

The planting density should be reasonable. Pay attention to ventilation and reduce air humidity. The diseased leaves and plants should be removed in time to reduce the source of infection. At the beginning of the disease, spray 50% procyclidine or 50% prohydantoin wettable powder 1500 times. It is best to alternate with 65% metalaxyl WP 500 times to prevent resistance.

4. Spot disease

[Symptoms] Mainly harmful to plant leaves. The disease spread from the lower part of the plant to the upper part. Lesions are usually 3 to 4 mm in diameter, brown, and when severe, the diseased leaves die, causing defoliation. The disease is caused by cylindria primula. The pathogen overwinters in the form of mycelium or conidia on the diseased body, and the seed can also carry the pathogen, which becomes the primary infection source in the second year. The disease is mainly transmitted by conidia in the air and rain. Frequent reinfection during growing season. Usually warm and wet weather and partial nitrogen fertilizer, plants are prone to disease. The disease usually begins in July and is prevalent from August to October.

[Control] Breeding disease-resistant varieties, strengthening fertilizer and water management, increasing organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, avoiding partial application of nitrogen fertilizer. At the early stage of disease, 70% thiophanate-methyl 1000 times solution plus 75% chlorothalonil WP 1000 times solution or 1∶1∶100 bordeaux mixture was sprayed.

5. Leaf spot disease

[Symptoms] Most of the disease occurs on leaves and receptacles. At the beginning, irregular water-soaked spots were produced along the veins, later yellowing, browning, spots expanding, leaf margin drying. When severe, the lower leaves die.

[Prevention and control] Strengthen cultivation management, cultivate disease-free seedlings, disinfect seedbed soil, release air in greenhouse in time, and reduce air humidity. Remove diseased plant residues in time. 500 times solution of 50% copper succinate wettable powder or 4000 times solution of 72% agricultural streptomycin wettable powder were sprayed after the disease.