Lin Shihua, Vice President of the Armed Forces General Hospital, made a public welfare speech at the Hong Junpei Cultural and Educational Foundation

Lin Sinopec, Vice President of the General Hospital of the Armed Forces, delivered a public welfare speech on Hong Junpei Culture and Education Foundation.

(Taiwan Business Daily News) Taiwan has the highest density of kidney dialysis in the world. Recently, a series of food safety problems have aroused public concern. This newspaper and the Hong Junpei Culture and Education Foundation last Sunday invited Lin Sinopec, vice president of the General Hospital of the Armed Forces, to give a lecture on "Kidney Health and Happy Life." it is hoped that it will be helpful to the health care of people's daily life.

The kidney has one on each side of the back of the human body. It is about 12 centimeters long and weighs about 130g. It is a pair of organs composed of a million microvascular balls. The blood of the whole body passes through it at the speed of 1200cc every minute, washing the excess waste such as uric acid, urea nitrogen, creatine liver, etc., and the excess water is made into urine and then discharged to the bladder. The bladder is full and then excreted out of the body, which is the purification organ of human blood.

Lin Sinopec, vice president of the General Hospital of the Armed Forces, delivered a public speech: only salt kidney punishment, avoid certain foods to protect the kidney.

Therefore, once the kidney disease reaches the end stage, it will die of poisoning because the kidneys are unable to expel toxins and excess water from the body. At the same time, the kidneys also produce and secrete hormones such as erythropoietin and vasopressin. In the prevention and treatment of kidney disease, in addition to not taking medicine and regular kidney examination, there are other habits related to kidney health in daily life, which is worth paying attention to.

1. Throat, tonsils and other inflamed streptococci infection, must be cured immediately: take antibiotics thoroughly, do not waste halfway, otherwise alchemy cocci is easy to infect kidney inflammation, especially children should pay more attention.

two。 Women have kidney function tests before pregnancy: when women are pregnant, because of the increased burden on their kidneys, it is best for women to check for kidney disease before pregnancy. Some degree of kidney disease is not self-aware. Please discuss with a kidney specialist as soon as possible whether you can become pregnant. Otherwise, if you become pregnant blindly, kidney disease may immediately deteriorate into uremia and reach the level of kidney washing.

3. Do not overeat: the human body eats a lot of food, and the final waste uric acid and urea nitrogen must be eliminated by the kidneys, so excessive food will increase the burden on the kidneys.

4. Drink standard pollution-free water: do not drink well water or river water with unknown ingredients, for fear that the content of heavy metals is too high; do not eat or drink substandard processed foods, so as not to damage the kidneys with illegal food additives.

5. Do not take medicine without authorization: general market painkillers such as gout specific drugs or other injections or oral painkillers, if you want to use them regularly, please discuss with a kidney specialist, because long-term use of painkillers is seriously harmful to the kidney. There are also many people who take the initiative to buy antibiotics when they are sick, but taking too many antibiotics will interfere with the function of the kidneys, especially diuretics.

6. Find a specialist for kidney disease: eating herbal remedies at random can only accelerate deterioration and unfortunately get kidney disease. Please see a kidney specialist to do the most appropriate treatment immediately, otherwise you will find herbal remedies in charlatans at random, resulting in more complications if you miss the timing of treatment, or even become uremic in a short period of time.

7. Control diabetes: people with diabetes slowly harden their blood vessels, especially the peripheral microvessels. Because the kidneys are made up of millions of tiny blood vessels, kidney function may also be damaged when diabetes is severe. According to statistics, 1/4 to 1/5 of renal dialysis patients are caused by the end stage of diabetes.

8. Fully drink water without holding back urine: urine in the bladder for too long is easy to breed bacteria, easy to infect the kidney through the ureter, drink enough water every day and urinate at any time, it is not easy to have stones.

9. Control hypertension: if you have hypertension, consult a doctor immediately to control blood pressure within a safe range, because long-term hypertension will continue to destroy the tiny blood vessels of the kidney.

10. Check the renal function regularly: do urine screening and blood pressure test every half. The process of kidney damage in most kidney patients occurs unconsciously, so by the time the body is not feeling well, it is likely to reach the end of kidney disease, that is, the time to wash the kidneys.

According to the statistics of the Health Insurance Bureau, there are now more than 31, 000 patients in Taiwan who need kidney dialysis because of end-stage kidney disease, with an annual growth rate of 10%, with more than 2000 new patients every year. These are commonly known as "uremic" patients, however, more people have kidney problems, but most of them do not know it. Lin Sinopec points out that the total number of potential uremic patients in Taiwan is five times that of the kidney dialysis population, nearly 150000. Because, many people do not know that there is something wrong with their kidneys, and when they feel uncomfortable, they often have end-stage kidney disease and must wash their kidneys. There are not a small number of patients with recessive uremia, and the early symptoms are not obvious, which does make it difficult for the kidney to be taken seriously. Because of this, we should take good care of it from our lives.

In addition, the potassium ion in the diet is easily absorbed in the small intestine. In general, the main way of potassium loss in the human body is urinary excretion, 80-90% is excreted by the kidney through urine, and a small part (10-20%) is excreted through feces. Usually, the kidney has a regulatory effect on potassium ion, so as to maintain the potassium concentration within the normal range, so as to make the myocardium active and an indicator of electrolyte balance. In addition, the acid-base balance of human blood also has an effect on potassium ions.

Hypokalemia is called hypokalemia when the concentration of potassium ion in human plasma is less than 3.5 mEq/L. The common reasons are decreased uptake, excessive loss, such as diarrhea, vomiting and the transfer of potassium ions from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid. When hypokalemia occurs in the human body, it will affect the cardiovascular, central nervous system, digestion, urinary and muscle system of the human body. With the severity of hypokalemia, postural hypotension, weak pulse, severe ECG changes, myocardial injury, cardiac arrest and so on may occur in the cardiovascular system. The central nervous system will have burnout, lethargy, confusion, sensory abnormalities, DTR weakening, severe and even coma. Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, worsening of intestinal peristalsis, constipation and severe paralytic intestinal obstruction will occur in the digestive system. Urinary system will have kidney concentration can reduce, urine dilution, polyuria, severe thirst. The muscle system will have weakness, delayed paralysis, respiratory muscle weakness, respiratory arrest and so on. # p# Page title # e #

On the contrary, if the concentration of potassium ion in human plasma is higher than 5.5 mEq/L, it is called hyperkalemia, which is often caused by excessive uptake, decreased excretion or the transfer of potassium ions from intracellular to extracellular fluid. Generally speaking, patients with renal failure are prone to hyperkalemia. When hyperkalemia occurs in the human body, there will be a decrease in blood pressure, arrhythmia, changes in electrogram, severe ventricular fibrillation and cardiac arrest. Neuromuscular symptoms are muscle tremors, spasms, sensory abnormalities in the early stage, and muscle weakness, flaccid paralysis and respiratory arrest in the late stage. In addition, there will be nausea, vomiting, increased intestinal peristalsis, diarrhea, abdominal colic and other symptoms of the digestive system and oliguria, anuria and other symptoms of the urinary system.

Based on replacing wastage to maintain normal body storage and maintain plasma balance, RDA estimates that the minimum daily requirement for adults is 200mg, with a daily intake of 1.9g to 5.6g, which is usually met by a normal diet.

Potassium ions exist in many foods, most of which are vegetables and fruits, such as avocado, banana, carambola, potato, fig, meat, fish, lettuce, fruit, sashimi, broth, vegetable soup, hot pot soup, Chinese herbal soup, beverage, half-cooked food, chicken essence and so on.

As dietary potassium has a positive effect on hypertension, it is recommended to eat more vegetables and fruits in order to reduce the risk of chronic diseases caused by hypertension. In general, if the human kidney function is normal, excessive daily intake of potassium ions can usually be excreted by the kidneys, therefore, proper intake of potassium ions will not cause a burden on the human body.

However, in patients with chronic kidney failure, due to the decreased function of the kidneys to excrete potassium, RDA recommends a daily upper limit of 99 mg and recommends reducing the intake of foods high in potassium, and fruits with low potassium content such as water pear, watermelon, pineapple, lotus flower, mangosteen, peach, mango and so on.

Hong Junpei Culture and Education Foundation 103 commonweal speech