Cultivation techniques of high yield of Pleurotus ostreatus with rich nutrition and market demand

Tea tree mushroom, the mushroom body is thick, the stalk is crisp and tender, the nutrition is rich, the content of lysine, arginine and glutamic acid is high, the market demand is big. The following key techniques should be mastered in high-yield cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus.

Pleurotus ostreatus

Select excellent strains: the fine strains of Pleurotus ostreatus seedlings are white, dense, sturdy, vigorous and uniform. All strains with yellow, green, black, orange and other colors are infected by miscellaneous bacteria and should be banned.

Select the best cultivation period: the optimum temperature of tea mushroom is 16 ℃ ~ 30 ℃, which is generally inoculated in March, and the suitable cultivation time can also be selected according to the local climatic conditions.

Configuration of raw materials: tea tree mushroom cultivation formula: cottonseed shell 50%, sawdust 26%, wheat bran 15%, corn meal 5%, gypsum 2%, phosphate fertilizer 1%, lime 1%, can also be added to the formula 1% tea seed cake or tea seed shell, this can improve the aroma of tea tree mushroom. After choosing the formula, the ingredients should pay attention to three points: first, cottonseed hull, wheat bran and so on should be fresh, such as moldy or agglomerated can not be used. The wood chips of broad-leaved trees with loose texture and accumulated for more than half a year are the best. The second is to mix evenly, to achieve "three evenness" (that is, material evenness, water evenness, pH value evenness). Third, after mixing the material, the water content of the culture material should be tested to make it reach 60% to 65%.

Bag planting requirements: generally use 15cm × 30cm or 17cm × 33cm polypropylene plastic bag cultivation, each bag of dry material 0.3kg 0.35kg. After the material is put into the bag, put it on with a ring and cover with Shanghai cotton cover.

Thorough sterilization: cultivation material sterilization is divided into atmospheric pressure sterilization and barrel pressure sterilization. The normal pressure sterilization is kept at 100 ℃ for 14 hours, and the high pressure sterilization is maintained at 1.5kg / square centimeter pressure for 2 hours. Disinfection and sterilization should be thorough, otherwise the pollution of miscellaneous bacteria is serious, which will result in reduced production or even no harvest.

Inoculation culture: after sterilization, the temperature of the cultivated material was reduced to about 30 ℃ before inoculation. Vaccination should be carried out in the vaccination box. When inoculating, must achieve several points: first, after the cultivation material puts the inoculation box, the application formaldehyde, the potassium permanganate fumigation, carries on the space disinfection, the dosage is per meter formaldehyde 10ml, potassium permanganate 7 grams, mixed airtight fumigation half an hour before inoculation. Second, the vaccinator's hands and vaccination tools are wiped with 75% alcohol, inoculated above the alcohol lamp flame, and the action should be fast. Third, when inoculating, properly increasing the amount of inoculation is beneficial to the germination of mycelium. The cultivation is carried out indoors, and the arrangement of cultivation materials can be divided into single-layer vertical discharge and wall discharge. After the row, it is best to sprinkle some lime powder on the lid to reduce pollution. The culture room should be ventilated, the temperature should be kept at 23 ℃ ~ 28 ℃, and it should be shaded. After 50-60 days of culture, the hyphae could grow to the bottom of the bag.

Mushroom management: when the mycelium is full of bags, the ring can be removed, the mouth of the bag can be straightened, and the old bacteria can be dug up. If you go out of the mushroom farm, you can build a sunshade either indoors or outdoors. The mushroom bags can also be stacked on the wall or discharged upright in the mushroom field. After the discharge, maintain a certain amount of scattered light, spray water once or twice a day to make the air humidity reach 86%-95%, depending on the weather, spray more in sunny days, less in cloudy days, and not in rainy days. At the same time, pay attention to ventilation, so as not to produce deformed mushrooms.

Timely harvest: after 15-20 days of management, the fruit body can be harvested when it reaches medium well. When harvesting, in order to make the tea tree mushroom mushroom in good shape and high commodity value, it is best to harvest once in the morning and in the afternoon. After harvesting, let the bacteria bag stop water for 10 days, and then continue to spray water management, the second batch of mushrooms will be produced later. Generally, 3-4 batches of mushrooms can be harvested.