Cultivation techniques of interplanting Dictyophora japonica with bamboo forest for good nutrition and high market benefit

Dictyophora is a new type of mushroom with high nutritional price and good benefit. The main raw material for growing Dictyophora is bamboo shavings, which is the scrap of bamboo after processing, so the quality of Dictyophora is good. Now the editor will introduce to you the planting technology of interplanting Dictyophora in bamboo forest.

Interplanting Dictyophora in bamboo forest

1. Raw material preparation:

1.1 Raw material ratio: dry unmoldy fresh bamboo shavings with 14 cubic meters per mu, urea 70 kg, calcium superphosphate 50 kg, calcium carbonate 25 kg, wheat bran 50 kg.

1.2 treatment of cultivated materials: select sandy loam fields that are easy to drain and irrigate and rich in humus, organize a stockyard, start construction and fermentation in early December every year, first sprinkle a layer of thick 40cm bamboo shavings in the stockyard, sprinkle urea, calcium carbonate and water at the same time, the first few layers, do not use too much water, stack materials so repeatedly, when the heap is about 1.5m high, step on the heap, cover with straw, and turn the pile every 15 days. Make all kinds of raw materials uniform. When turning the pile, if the culture material is too dry, water should be added, and the moisture content of the culture material should be kept at about 60%, which is beneficial to the fermentation of the culture material.

2. Cultivation methods:

2.1 drainage ditches are dug around the field, length and direction to facilitate operation, drainage and irrigation, generally 10-15m long and 1m wide.

2.2 the prepared materials should be sown with auxiliary materials at the beginning of the sting, and completed before Qingming Festival at the latest.

2.3 10 days before sowing, 20 kg of urea and 50 kg of superphosphate were applied per mu to increase fertility and provide nutrients for the growth of Dictyophora. When sowing, check whether there is ammonia in the base material, if so, loosen it properly, lower the temperature, cool 3 Mel for 5 days and then sow.

2.4 when sowing, the temperature is not more than 28 ℃, first spread the base material according to 1 m per row, sprinkle enough water on the culture material, then divide the bacteria into 4-6 small pieces, put them in the middle of the base material, and then sprinkle a layer of wheat bran. The bacteria are seeded with head and tail flower arrangement, and then covered with a layer of base material to cover the wheat bran, the culture material should be compacted, and then covered with clean and fertile topsoil about 4cm thickness, the soil water content is 80%, and the soil is covered with straw (one mu of land is covered with two mu of rice straw), which is not too thick and is conducive to moisturizing. The medium for the growth of bamboo sun mycelium and the acidity of the soil are about 5. Keep the water content of culture material and soil layer relatively stable and should not be too dry or wet. On a sunny day, when the temperature is high, spray water every 3 days to maintain the humidity of the culture material and covering soil. 3 months after sowing, the temperature of bud development was not lower than 10 ℃.

3. Mycelial growth management:

The mycelium growth temperature is 8 ℃-30 ℃, the suitable temperature is 15 ℃-28 ℃, the water content of the culture medium is 60% Mel 65%, and the air relative humidity is 65% Mel 75%. When the mycelium grows normally, the overlying soil layer can grow out in about 40 days at a suitable natural temperature. Under normal circumstances, it takes about 60 days to form granular bacterial spheres from the beginning of sowing. When the mycelium grew normally, it began to form a fungus ball on the surface of the overlying soil layer, from small to large, from rice grain to soybean shape, about 6 days, 8 days to large peanut shape, 13 days later to walnut shape, about 18 days, the spiny hairs on the ball began to disappear, at this time the ball almost no longer grew, when the ball no longer increased, indicating that it has reached the mature stage. It is necessary to control the temperature and humidity in the shed, especially the humidity of the culture material and overlying soil layer. When the bacterial ball is mature and cracked, it is necessary to spray some water properly, control the humidity, make the water content of the culture medium reach 76%, and control the relative humidity at 80% at the same time. Reasonably grasp the shading effect of the shade, properly use weak light to stimulate the bacterial ball, lift the shade cover for 50 cents for 70 minutes every day, and grasp flexibly according to the weather conditions.

4. Mushroom production management and processing:

The mature bacterial ball is generally about 23 ℃, when the bacterial ball matures to the cracking stage, the air relative humidity is raised to 85%, the cracking begins to the stalk extension stage, the air relative humidity is about 90%, the bacterial skirt is opened, the air relative humidity reaches more than 95%, and after the bacterial ball is cracked, the bacterial cap, stalk, and finally spit out the bacterial skirt. The water needed for the growth and development of Dictyophora comes mainly from the substrate. Therefore, special attention should be paid to maintaining the water content of the matrix and overlying soil layer. If there is no rain for a long time and the mushroom bed is white, the horse water must be released at night. After the bed is wet, it will be released immediately the next morning. Dictyophora is most afraid of direct sunlight. After budding, it needs to cover the sunshade net to block 90% of the sun.

When the fungus skirt is cracked to the maximum and fully opened, it should be harvested immediately, and the bamboo shoot should be carefully picked from the fungus support to keep the cover, receptacle, skirt and other parts intact as far as possible, so as to improve the quality and value of the finished product. Put the harvested bamboo shoot in the sun immediately, or take it to the baking room to dry, soften after drying, and seal the package immediately.

Dictyophora is an aerobic bacteria, so the air must be fresh, no matter in the stage of mycelium growth, or in the environment of mycelium growth and fruiting body development. Otherwise, the high concentration of carbon dioxide in the greenhouse will not only slow the growth of mycelium, but also affect the development of fruiting body. But at the same time, it should also be noted that when Dictyophora begins to spread the fungus skirt, in order to prevent abnormal mushrooms, it is necessary to avoid wind blowing.