High yield of dairy cows is inseparable from the management measures of high yield drinking water of dairy cows.

The milk production period of dairy cows is higher than that of non-milk production. If you produce 30 kilograms of milk per day, the daily water supply will be 90ml / 110L. The daily water requirements of young cows and calves are also different. The water requirement of 1-month-old calves mainly comes from breast milk. The daily water supply of 1-3-month-old calves is about 10 liters, that of 3-6-month-old calves is about 15 litres, and the average daily water demand of young cows is about 30 litres.

Cow

Ensure adequate drinking water: if possible, install automatic water dispensers in the barn to allow cows to drink water at any time. Water can also be supplied regularly every day, usually 3 times per day for 4 times, and 5 times per day for 6 times in summer. Sinks should be set up in the playground to ensure fresh and clean drinking water.

Ensure drinking water sanitation: the water source should not be polluted, and the water source of dairy farms should avoid pesticide plants, chemical plants, slaughterhouses, etc., in order to prevent water pollution. The best source of water is tap water, which should be precipitated and disinfected with well water, river water, etc. Drinking water utensils should be kept clean and sanitary, washed every day and disinfected regularly, especially in summer, to prevent microbial pollution of water sources and pay attention to the hygiene of the sink on the sports ground.

Ensure drinking water temperature: in winter and spring, the milk yield of drinking water of 8.5 ℃ is 8.7% higher than that of 1.5 ℃; under the condition of temperature of 2 ℃ ~ 6 ℃, the milk yield of drinking water of 10 ℃ ~ 15 ℃ is 9.0% higher than that of cold water. Therefore, do not drink cold or too cold water to cows in winter and spring.

However, the high temperature of drinking water is not good for cows. Drinking 20 ℃ warm water for a long time in winter will weaken the physique of dairy cows, showing a decline in gastrointestinal digestion and easy to catch a cold. Therefore, the suitable temperature of drinking water is 12 ℃ ~ 14 ℃ for adult dairy cows, 15 ℃ ~ 16 ℃ for pregnant cattle and 35 ℃ ~ 38 ℃ for calves within 1 month of age.

In summer, cows should be given cold water, or some anti-heat stress drugs should be added to their drinking water, such as baking soda and vitamin C; increase drinking utensils to ensure adequate drinking water, increase drinking frequency and drinking time; or drink cold mung bean soup to cows on high temperature days, in order to slow down the heat stress of cows and increase milk production.

In spring, autumn and winter, dairy cows drank 2ml for 3 times, and the times of drinking water for high-yielding dairy cows were increased appropriately. For every 1kg of dry matter fed to adult cows, 3.0Mu 3.5 liters of water is needed. Installing automatic drinking fountains in the house can consume 18% more water and produce 3.5% more milk than drinking water twice a day outside the house. Drink water 10 times a day with an automatic water dispenser, 2pm during the day and 1pm at night (17:00-3am). Therefore, in order to meet the drinking water needs of dairy cows, most cattle farms are equipped with automatic drinking fountains.

The moisture in the fully mixed diet can be adjusted to 55%-57%, so as to increase the water intake of dairy cows and avoid partial eclipse; in winter, part of the concentrate can be washed into gruel for dairy cows to drink, which can significantly increase milk yield.

The method of induced drinking water is advocated, usually with wheat bran, corn meal, soybean cake powder, etc., compared with the control group, the milk yield of the induced drinking group is increased by 12.65%, and can be increased by 16.80% in summer and autumn.

Avoid electrification of water sources. Electrification in water will affect the drinking water of dairy cows, so attention should be paid to measuring and adjusting the electrical conductivity of water.

Since 87% of milk is water, milk production is largely dependent on water intake, and sometimes even if the diet is fine, water alone can reduce milk production by 18% to 20%. Water is one of the important nutrients that are often ignored in dairy cow feeding. In cow production, we must pay attention to the role of water, observe and analyze the drinking water of dairy cows, and adjust it in time.