Prevention and treatment of pica in pigs with abnormal taste

Pig pica is a kind of stress syndrome, which is caused by improper feeding and management, environmental discomfort, imbalance of feed nutrition supply, disease, metabolic disorder and other factors, such as pig tail biting disease and so on. It is more common in sows in the early stage of pregnancy or early postpartum and 240kg small pigs.

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Pigs suffer from pica, often showing clinical symptoms of gastrointestinal diseases, osteomalacia, chronic indigestion, parasitic diseases and other diseases. The initial manifestations are loss of appetite, dyspepsia, abnormal taste, eclipse symptoms. Sick young pigs like to lick or bite walls, troughs, soil, sand, feces or salty foreign bodies, gnawing on each other's tails and ears, often attacking each other; first constipation followed by dysentery or constipation, dysentery alternately, growth retardation or stop, gradually emaciated, disorderly and dull. anemia. If not timely treatment, will affect the growth of pigs, the formation of stiff pigs: severe cases can be secondary infection, causing osteomyelitis and abscess, if not timely treatment, can be complicated with septicemia, resulting in failure and death. In addition to the above manifestations of diseased sows, abortion can be seen in pregnant sows: the lactation of postpartum sows decreased. There are bad habits such as eating placenta or piglets.

Because pica has very distinct clinical features, its diagnosis is not difficult, but it is often difficult to find out the specific causes. It must be analyzed comprehensively according to the possible pathogenic factors, medical history and clinical symptoms. The common main causes of the disease are as follows: first, improper feeding and management, such as excessive feeding density, high humidity, narrow trough space, feed restriction and insufficient drinking water, great disparity in the size of pigs in the same pen, etc.; second, the environmental conditions are poor, such as too high or low temperature, poor ventilation and high ammonia content, strong light in the barn, monotonous living environment, frightening, swarming, abnormal weather, etc. Third, it is caused by a variety of disease factors, such as chronic gastrointestinal diseases, rickets of piglets, postpartum paralysis and parasitic diseases of sows (such as lice, scabies and other external parasites and Ascaris lumbricoides), abnormal secretion of hormones in vivo, etc. Fourth, the nutritional supply is unbalanced or lack, the nutritional level of feed can not meet the nutritional needs of pig growth and development, deficiency of some amino acids (such as methionine or tryptophan) and protein, deficiency or imbalance of minerals and vitamins, such as copper, cobalt, iron, manganese, potassium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, vitamin B, etc., imbalance of calcium and phosphorus in feed, lack of salt Fifth, the pig's own nature (playful, imitating) or hateful.

Pig pica should be combined with prevention, prevention and symptomatic treatment. In the process of feeding, the management should be strengthened, the fence house should be reasonably distributed, the enclosure should be kept clean, the appropriate ventilation and light should be controlled, and man-made stress such as driving and refueling should be avoided as far as possible. The feeding density is suitable, which is higher in winter and thinner in summer. The general feeding area is 0.8 square meters per pig, 0.6~O.7 square meter per pig and O.3~O.5 square meter per piglet. Feed matching strives for balanced nutrition to meet its nutritional needs. Feeding should be regular, quantitative, clean drinking water, adequate feeding trough and sink facilities to avoid food fighting and uneven diet. In addition, toys can be put in the pigsty, such as woven bags, chains, leather balls, old tires and green feed to distract the pigs. Pigs with addiction should be singled out and raised separately in time. The piglets cut off their tails in time and removed their deciduous teeth.

On the basis of finding out the cause of porcine pica, the treatment of porcine pica should improve feeding management, change feed structure as appropriate, supplement vitamins and trace elements, ensure proper ratio of calcium and phosphorus, and deworming regularly. Common, such as feeding or intramuscular injection of vitamin B12, or adding animal multi-dimensional to the feed, depending on the product specifications and the severity of the disease; or injecting phosphorus and calcium preparations; or adding 0.5% 0.8% salt to the feed, but the addition amount should not exceed 1%, to prevent salt poisoning. Diseased pigs should be isolated immediately to prevent other pigs from imitating. Pigs bitten should be promptly washed with potassium permanganate solution and coated with iodine to prevent wound infection, seriously supplemented with antibiotics. For sows eating placenta and fetus, in addition to strengthening nursing care, seasoning and digestible agents can also be added to the feed, such as salt, garlic, sugar, chopped tangerine peel and some seasonings sold on the market, to improve pig pica: earthwork can also be used to boil 300 grams of river shrimp or fish in soup, once a day for several days. For pigs suffering from chronic gastrointestinal diseases, the treatment is mainly based on the principle of bacteriostasis and anti-inflammation, removal of harmful substances in the intestines, combined with rehydration and cardiotonic measures. For pigs suffering from parasitic diseases, levamisole or trichlorfon should be used in time.

Considering the above situation, the causes of porcine pica are often various, and its prevention and treatment methods must be targeted. As long as the majority of farmers do a good job in breeding management and prevention and control work, the losses can be reduced to a minimum.