The field management techniques of summer cabbage in the off-season of vegetables on the market

Summer cabbage is a kind of Chinese cabbage listed between summer and autumn, which is in the off-season of vegetable supply and has considerable economic benefits. However, due to the high temperature in summer and more Rain Water, it is the season with high incidence of diseases and insect pests. When planting Chinese cabbage, we must grasp the key links, select the right varieties and take appropriate management measures in order to achieve stable and high yield.

Summer cabbage

Summer cabbage varieties are mainly required to have the characteristics of heat resistance, wind resistance, virus resistance, soft rot resistance, strong light resistance, moisture tolerance, short growth period, high net vegetable rate, high yield and high quality. Such as Rekangbai-45, Zaoshu 5, Xiafeng, Xialu, Xia Qiubao, Japan Xiahui, Xiayou, Xiayang and other cabbage varieties adapted to summer sowing.

First, avoid continuous cropping, fine soil preparation, and apply sufficient base fertilizer

In order to reduce disease and soil lack of a certain element, avoid continuous cropping with cruciferous crops, combined with the characteristics of short growth period of summer Chinese cabbage, it is necessary to re-apply organic fertilizer. Summer cabbage has a strong growth and a great demand for water and fertilizer, but it is not resistant to waterlogging. The cultivation method of re-applying base fertilizer and half-high ridge planting should be adopted in production, so that watering can moisturize the ridge surface and drainage after rain. it can be applied with rotten high quality organic fertilizer 3000kg / mu, calcium superphosphate 30kg / 50kg, potassium chloride or potassium sulfate 10kg / mu.

Second, sowing at the right time to ensure that the seedlings are complete, uniform and prosperous.

Sowing was arranged from mid-May to early July. The sowing method is divided into strip sowing and hole sowing. The amount of seed used for strip sowing and hole sowing is about 0.25 kg and 0.15 kg per mu respectively. In order to ensure the evenness and prosperity of seedlings, no matter strip sowing or hole sowing, we should pay attention to the following points: watering along ridges and furrows after ① sowing, but the water should not spread over the ridge surface, so as not to cause soil surface hardening and affect seedling emergence. ② requires that the sowing ditch or hole bottom should be flat, and the covering soil should be mainly loose and fine soil, not too thin or too thick. ③ cabbage sprouts are most afraid of sun exposure, usually sowing in the evening or afternoon, so that the buds are unearthed 2 days later, and then exposed to the sun overnight. ④ pays attention to the prevention and control of insect pests.

III. Field management

Early seedlings (graded seedlings), late seedlings, strong seedlings. Regardless of strip sowing or hole sowing, it is generally necessary to plant seedlings for 3 times. The first time when the heart leaves occurred (if not overcrowded, occasionally), the second time at 2-3 leaves, and the third time at 5-6 leaves. Due to the short growth period of summer cabbage, generally do not squat seedlings, fertilizer and water to promote to the end. Watering and loosening the soil in time, watering small water every 2-3 days when the weather is dry and without rain, and draining it in time when there is stagnant water in the field in rainy days to prevent seedlings from being susceptible to stains. After setting the seedlings, 15 kg of urea was applied per mu with water, and the second topdressing was carried out during the heading period, and 25 kg of urea was used per mu.

4. Early prevention and treatment of diseases and insect pests

The occurrence of diseases and insect pests in summer cabbage is serious, so it is necessary to detect and control them early. The main diseases are downy mildew and soft rot. To prevent downy mildew, 75% chlorothalonil 500 times, 65% Dysen zinc 500 times, 40% ethyl phosphorus aluminum wettable powder 150 times 200 times, etc., can be sprayed at rosette stage. To prevent soft rot, agricultural streptomycin should be sprayed 2 times or 3 times in rosette stage. Spraying 72% of agricultural streptomycin sulfate soluble powder 4000 times before or at the early stage of the disease should focus on mildly diseased plants and surrounding plants, and pay attention to spraying petioles and stem bases close to the surface. Timely removal of diseased plants in order to reduce the source of bacteria and prevent spread. Insect pests include aphids, cabbage insects, etc., which can be sprayed with 4.5% cypermethrin 1000-1500 times. Strictly kill aphids to prevent the occurrence of virus diseases.

Fifth, harvest in time

Due to the high temperature and humidity in summer, cabbage can be harvested when it is mature, and the specific harvest time can be determined according to the market situation, so as to strive for harvest and listing when the price of Chinese cabbage is high, so as to achieve greater economic benefits.