Why do some corn have empty stalks? the control methods of empty stalks of corn.

Corn empty stalk

I. the causes of the empty stalk of corn

1. Congenital sterile empty rod

This kind of empty rod is mainly caused by the seed itself, which is called "common corn" in folk, that is, it is only a long rod without a stick. Due to the decline of the physiological function of the seed itself, metabolic disorder and disturbance of transport tissue, the nutrients in the stem can not be transported to the ear, but the male ear is normal.

2. untwisted ear empty rod

This kind of empty stalk generally has the embryonic form of young ear on the maize plant, but it can not pull out the filament or seed in the process of growth and development, and can not form a normal corn ear.

The main results are as follows: 1) it is the soil reason, if the soil of maize growing place is relatively barren and lack of nutrients, it is difficult to meet the needs of maize growth and development, and finally lead to genital dysplasia and difficult to bear fruit.

2) it is the influence of plant density, if the density is too high, it will lead to the increase of canopy density, the deterioration of light transmittance, the inhibition of photosynthesis, the difficulty of photosynthetic production, and the poor growth of individuals, which makes the plant too early to decay and cannot bear fruit.

3) the change of temperature and drought is an important reason for the occurrence of empty stalk. If insufficient precipitation occurs in the early stage of maize heading, it is easy to cause "stuck neck drought", or cold injury occurs in the middle stage due to low temperature. it will inhibit the differentiation of young spikes, and even terminate the differentiation of young ears, thus forming empty stalks.

4) it is caused by external force damage or diseases and insect pests, if maize plant damage is caused by machinery during intertillage, or serious pests of aphids, leaf mites and ear insects affect young ear differentiation, it will also lead to a large number of empty stalks of corn.

5) it is not only a cultivation factor but also an important factor in the occurrence of empty stalk, and it is also the reason for the empty stalk of maize in the selection of varieties, which can not adapt to or can not fully adapt to the local conditions, which affects the ear differentiation and leads to the output of empty stalks.

2. Control measures of empty stalk of corn

1. Select suitable varieties

In the selection of varieties, excellent varieties should be selected scientifically and reasonably according to the local natural conditions and cultivation conditions. In accordance with the principle of suitable land and suitable species, excellent varieties with high yield, good resistance, resistance to close planting and good quality should be selected.

2. Control the sowing density

The yield of maize is determined by ear number, grain number and grain weight, and they are related to each other. Although increasing density can increase the number of ears per unit area, but the supply of nutrients, water and light is certain, so it will lead to the decrease of grain number and grain weight.

3. Strengthen the management

First, the use of new technologies, such as plastic film mulching, can ensure soil moisture, increase soil temperature, promote early sprouting and seedling growth, and avoid early chilling injury, so that corn can develop well. Second, in the supply of fertilizer, to achieve timely and scientific application, attach importance to organic fertilizer, to achieve the purpose of improving soil fertility, base fertilizer and seedling fertilizer must be fully guaranteed.

4. Conduct reasonable crop rotation

Do not plant corn on the same plot for many years, change to other crops appropriately, and pour tea on the land.

5. Use growth agents to promote plant growth.

Before sowing, seed coating agent can be used to improve disease resistance. Zhuangfengling was sprayed at the big trumpet mouth stage of corn to achieve plant height, ear position reduction and Internode shortening. At the same time, improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions, prevent lodging, promote the development of female flowers, and effectively prevent the occurrence of empty drying.