It's getting colder, and the grapes need to be dressed?

When the ground temperature of grape roots drops to minus 6 ℃, different degrees of freezing damage will occur in grape roots, and when it drops to minus 8 ℃, all grape roots will be frozen. Therefore, the temperature of grape roots during hibernation should be kept above minus 6 ℃. What are the alternative ways to prevent the cold? Next, let's take a look at it.

1. The sawdust cold protection method binds the trimmed grape vines into bundles, wraps them with two layers of sack sheets or grass curtains, then covers sawdust 15cm to 20cm thick, then covers it with a plastic film, which is compacted with soil around the film. Sawdust and plastic film are easy to find, and these materials can be used continuously for 2 or 3 years.

2. The frozen cold protection method places the pruned and bundled grape vines on the ground. In mid-late October, the vines are covered with straw bags, covered with soil of 5cm and 8cm, and then covered with a layer of grass bags. When the temperature dropped from November to December, water was poured on the cover several times continuously to form a thick water shell, thus isolating the plant from the outside world and achieving the purpose of safe overwintering. In the last ten days of April of the second year, the leaves and weeds were removed for the first time, and all the mulch was removed in the first and middle of May.

3. The four-layer cold protection method of sand, film, leaf and straw first covers the grape vines with sand 20 cm thick, covers a layer of plastic film on the sand, spreads a layer of corn leaves about 10 cm thick on the plastic film, and then presses 60 cm corn stalks on the leaves to achieve the effect of sand vines, film moisturizing, leaf densification and straw warmth. Among them, the first three layers should be covered in mid-late October. The latter layer should be carried out after freezing.

4. The method of burying frozen branches to prevent cold dug a trench in the courtyard and bury the dug soil near the main grape trunk to prevent the roots from freezing. Bind the grape vines and put them in the trench after digging. When the temperature drops below 0 ℃, fill the ditch with water to make it freeze. In this way, the branches are wrapped in ice and can survive the winter safely. The water in the ditch is not only frozen water but also budding water in spring. This method also works well in the courtyard.

5. The hollow cold protection method builds a groove with bricks and adobe in the ditch, binds the winter-cut grape vines in the middle, builds a shed with wooden poles, puts sorghum stalks and grass bags on top, and covers 20cm to 30cm; then covers leaves or firewood and grass 50cm, leaving a few ventilation holes along the ground, which can be measured and ventilated at any time; closed at 0 ℃ and opened again at Qingming Festival the following year.

6. Plastic film cold protection method with the continuous improvement of cold protection technology, in recent years, there has been a cold protection method covered with plastic film. For the tree shape of Dulong vine, it is also necessary to plate up the grape branches and flatten the twisted branches so as not to pierce the plastic film. Tie up the winter-cut grape vines, put them in the ditch, cover them with plastic film, bury them with soil, cover more than 50 cm with leaves and firewood and grass, and leave air holes along the ground. This cold-proof method requires less labor, the labor intensity is relatively low, and because the cold-proof plastic film can be reused, the cost will not increase.

7. In the process of grape growth management, the comprehensive cultivation overwintering method should apply appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer, sufficient amount of phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, and strictly prohibit the overgrowth caused by the application of nitrogen fertilizer in the later stage of growth, which is beneficial to flower bud differentiation, full buds and full branches. It should be cut moderately in winter and re-cut when it germinates in early spring. Pour through the overwintering water to keep the soil temperature constant, and it is strictly forbidden to water a large amount in the later stage of growth, resulting in overgrowth. Do a good job in the management of diseases and insect pests, reduce the harm of diseases and insect pests, and increase the accumulation of branches. The comprehensive application of these measures can ensure that grapes survive the winter safely.

8. The method of watering anti-freezing should be irrigated with frozen water once 10 days before the grape is buried in cold soil in winter in order to prevent root frost injury and early spring drought. Irrigation must be sufficient, with the soil reaching a saturated state as the standard, when the ground soil is slightly dry, and then bury the soil to prevent cold. Do not bury too much soil for the first time, and the standard is that the branches will not be exposed after burying. Bury the cold soil for the second time before freezing. At the same time, it should be noted that young trees should be buried early and big trees can be buried late. When burying the cold-proof soil for the second time, it should be covered with corn straw or hay before burying the soil, which can obviously increase the temperature of the grape root and help to prevent cold. The width of the buried soil shall not be less than 1.8 meters, and the thickness of the buried soil of the branches shall not be less than 60 cm. The front of the cold-proof soil is trapezoidal and 1.2 meters wide. For the sake of safety and cold-proof, the cold-proof soil had better be buried 80 cm deep. Note: the cold soil must be taken between the rows other than the two sides of the trunk of the vine, not too close to the root, so as not to hurt the root and freeze the root. Where there are irrigation conditions, the soil ditch should be filled with water and frozen into ice after freezing, which not only reduces the thickness of permafrost, but also helps the root system to survive the winter and prevent drought in the following spring. Where there are no irrigation conditions, the soil ditch can also be covered with items such as weeds to prevent grape frost damage. When cracks are found in the cold-proof soil after the beginning of winter, the cracks should be covered with soil in time. From January to February of the following year, especially when the weather is particularly cold, you can pile some cold protection materials such as firewood and grass or horse dung on the cold-proof soil to ensure that the grapes are not frozen.