Technology and practice of artificial forced molting in breeder chickens

I. the purpose of artificial forced molting

In order to prolong the economic life of breeder chickens, give full play to their genetic potential and better regulate market demand, especially when the supply of eliminated chickens and seedlings is tight, artificial forced molting is carried out to reduce feeding costs and increase benefits, it is an important feeding and management technology and management strategy to prolong the effective utilization period of breeder chickens.

II. Implementation methods and steps of artificial forced molting

1. Select healthy chickens strictly.

Pick out chickens that are overweight, underweight, aborted and sick.

2. Advance immunization and drug prophylaxis

Intestinal infections were administered for 3 days before feathering to control E. coli infection. After molting for 45 days, the new live vaccine was sprayed again.

3. Weighing

Each henhouse chooses three points to weigh regularly, 60 chickens per point, molting on the same day, the morning of the 10th day, and then once a day until the weight loss is 25% or 30%.

4. Disinfection

Strictly implement the specific measures of biosafety and sterilize chickens 2 or 3 times a week.

5. Cut off the water

When molting begins, the water is cut off from the first day to the second day, the water is supplied on the third day, and from the third day to the second day after opening, each animal is fed with 0.9% saline 25ml 30ml to prevent anal pecking, feather pecking and other pica.

6. Cut-off material

It usually takes 12 to 14 days, with a weight loss of 25% and 30%. The chickens were still laying eggs in the first 5 days after being cut off. in order to prevent broken eggs and soft eggshells, each chicken was fed 80 grams of stone powder or shell powder at once on the first day.

7. Stop replenishing the light artificially.

During molting, stop artificial replenishment of light, window shading. After molting for 25 days, the time was 15 hours, and when the laying rate reached 50%, it increased by 0.5 hours per week until the total light was 16 hours and 17 hours.

8. Open the material

When resuming the feed, feed the egg laying peak feed, 30 grams each on the first day, and then increase each 15 grams to about 120 grams 125 grams. The frail ones (weighing less than 1250 grams) can be singled out and fed in advance.

9. Record

Make daily feeding management and production records throughout the process, and analyze the economic benefits.

Economic value of artificial forced molting and its expected effect

The mortality rate during molting is controlled between 1.5% and 3%.

The egg laying rate decreased gradually in 2-3 days after molting, stopped laying in 5-7 days, reached 50% laying rate in 42 days, and reached 88%-92% in 42 days. It is 2%-4% lower than the first laying year or reaches the egg laying peak of the first laying year.

During molting, feed was stopped for 12-14 days, which was 1.5 kg less than that of normal chickens. The cost of cultivating 50% laying rate of new chickens (20 weekends) can reach 32.3 yuan, while old chickens can reach 50% laying rate in about 20 days after molting, requiring only feed and feeding management fees (including vaccine fee 12.3 yuan), and shorten the brooding time for 100 days.

After the forced molting of breeder chickens, all the weakly diseased chickens were picked out, and some chickens that could not see the disease were often difficult to tolerate the harsh molting stress factors. as a result, they died one after another, which played the role of natural elimination, and can be used as one of the effective measures for the purification of leukemia, Marek's disease and dysentery in chickens. All the chickens left behind are strong and high-yielding chickens, and their offspring are more viable than those of the first year.

At the same time, the shortcomings of forced molting: the laying rate of hens in the second laying period is about 15% lower than that in the first laying period; after molting, the weight of hens increases, the feed consumption increases slightly (more than 3-4 grams per day), and the feeding density decreases. After laying for 6-7 months, the laying rate decreased rapidly, the incidence of fatty liver was high, and the death rate also increased.