The Culture method of Violet

Violet is native to the Mediterranean coast. At present, it is widely cultivated in southern China. Biennial or perennial herbaceous flowers are usually sown in the autumn of the first year and bloom in the spring of the following year. There are often species in big cities in China, which can be planted in gardens or greenhouses for viewing. Let's take a look at the cultivation of violets.

Ecological habits of violets

Violet likes cool climate, avoid dry and hot, like well-ventilated environment, mild climate in winter, but can also withstand a short low temperature of-5 ℃. The suitable temperature for flower bud differentiation is 15 ℃, which is lax to the soil, but grows well in the soil with good drainage and neutral alkali, and avoids acidic soil.

Violet is resistant to cold and shade, afraid of waterlogging, and is suitable for being born in an environment with high position, exposure to sunlight, ventilation and drainage. Avoid muggy heat, when the mildew and rain weather is hot and the ventilation is poor, it is easy to be harmed by diseases and insects, requiring fertile, moist and deep loam.

Violet likes plenty of sunshine, but it is also slightly resistant to semi-shade, fertilization should not be too much, otherwise it is disadvantageous to flowering, if the light and ventilation are not adequate, it is easy to suffer from diseases and insect pests.

Propagation methods of Violet

Violet reproduction can be used in many ways, including sowing, leaf insertion and other methods, in addition, there are ramet, tissue culture and other reproduction methods, family breeding, it is recommended to choose leaf insertion and other methods, relatively simple operation.

1. Sowing and propagation: violets often use seeds to sow and propagate, and the sowing time is generally from mid-August to early October. Note that the time of sowing should not be too late, otherwise it will affect the growth of plants, the quantity and quality of overwintering and flowering. It can also be adjusted according to the time spent, sowing in February in the greenhouse, then flowering in May, sowing in March, flowering in June, and so on, but sowing in July will not blossom in the greenhouse until February to March of the second year. The seeds should not be too dense, otherwise Xiao Miao Yizhong will fall ill.

2. Leaf insertion propagation: leaf insertion is the most commonly used method of violet reproduction, which is generally carried out in spring and autumn. Robust leaves are selected from plants without diseases and insect pests. In the case of variegated leaf varieties, fewer stripes and more green leaves are preferred. Cut the leaves with a thick petiole of about 3 cm in the middle with a sharp knife, dry them slightly and insert them directly into the mixture of peat and perlite. The leaves should be watered thoroughly after insertion, and then keep moist and shaded properly. Usually at a temperature of about 23 ℃, they can take root in 15-20 days, and then reduce water spraying. After 8-10 weeks, they can form plantlets, and those with large leaves can grow more than 10 seedlings, and strong seedlings can be transplanted. It usually takes 5 to 6 months from leaf insertion to flowering.

3. Water insertion propagation: violets can also be propagated by water insertion. The violets can be obliquely cut out of a leaf, and the petiole is inserted in clear water. Pay attention to the need to maintain suspension at the bottom, and pay attention to adding water and changing water for about 1 month to take root and form seedlings. In the process of leaf insertion, the petiole was treated with 25 mg / L hormone for 24 hours, which was beneficial to rooting.

The Culture method of Violet

1. Soil: violets do not have strict requirements on soil, but grow better in soils with good drainage and neutral alkali, and avoid acidic soil. 2 parts of humus soil, 2 parts of garden soil and 1 part of river sand can be mixed in basin soil.

2. Watering: Violet should be watered immediately when it is dry and white on the surface of the soil, and dry when it is wet.

3. Sunshine: violets like to have plenty of sunshine, but they are also slightly resistant to semi-shade. If the light and ventilation are not adequate, they are prone to diseases and insect pests.

Temperature: Violet likes the environment with warm winter, cool summer and good ventilation. In winter, it can withstand short-5 ℃ low temperature and avoid dryness and heat, and the suitable temperature for flower bud differentiation is 15 ℃.

5. Fertilization: the violets are fertilized every 10 days during the growing season. Nitrogen fertilizer should not be too much, but phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer should be applied. Stop fertilizing during flowering and winter.

6. Pruning: the remnants of the violets should be cut off so that they can branch and blossom again. The flowering period begins in mid-April and blossoms for the second time from June to July.

7. Diseases and insect pests: Violet's Pest and Pest Control Xiaobian will give you a more informative explanation in the article "Violet Pest and Pest Control Technology". Here, the editor will not repeat it. If you want to know more, please read it.