Culture methods and matters needing attention of Cymbidium

Magnolia is native to southern South Africa, is a perennial herb, florescence up to 30-50 days, mainly winter and spring, New Year's Day also blossoms around the Spring Festival, avoid strong light, semi-negative plants, like cool, avoid high temperature, the appropriate temperature for growth is 15-25 ℃, stop growing below 5 ℃, like thick, well-drained soil and moist soil, avoid dry environment, with high ornamental value. China is often potted in greenhouse for ornamental. Now let's take a look at the breeding methods and points for attention of Cymbidium.

The Culture method of Magnolia

1. Soil: Magnolia is suitable to use humus-rich soil, which has good air permeability, good permeability, fertile soil and slightly acidic (pH6.5). General gentleman orchid soil configuration, 6 parts of rotten leaf soil, 2 parts of pine needle, 1 part of river sand or ash, 1 part of base fertilizer (pockmarked, etc.). Rotten leaf soil mainly refers to oak leaves, also known as oak trees. This kind of leaf is thick in texture and is a good humus. Nutritious and permeable. Other leaves are so thin that they are gone after decay and cannot be mixed with other media. The pot used in cultivation increases gradually with the growth of the plant, and the 3-inch pot is suitable for the cultivation of one-year-old seedlings. Change 5-inch pots in the second year, and then change into larger flowerpots every 1-2 years, which can be carried out in spring and autumn.

2. Lighting: Magnolia is a moist plant, which is suitable to grow in high humidity, but it does not require high light, as long as the temperature is suitable, it does not matter if the light time is longer or shorter. Although good lighting can ensure the bright color of the gentleman orchid, it still likes a slightly weaker light, so be sure to avoid strong light.

3. Pour the basin: when the gentleman orchid grows up, you need to change a big basin for it. This is "pouring the basin and changing the soil". The best time to change soil is in spring and autumn, because the orchid grows vigorously at this time and will not affect the growth of the plant. The most important thing to change soil is to fill the root with soil, otherwise if there is no soil in the root, then water and nutrients will not reach the root, which is easy to cause rotten root.

4. Watering: Cymbidium has more developed fleshy roots, and a certain amount of water is stored in the roots, so this kind of flower is more drought-tolerant. However, drought-tolerant flowers should not be seriously short of water, especially in the case of high temperature in summer and dry air, do not forget to water in time, otherwise, the roots and leaves of flowers will be damaged, resulting in the germination of new leaves, and the original leaves are estimated to be scorched, not only affect flowering, but even cause plant death. However, too much watering will rot the roots. Therefore, it is necessary to have a good grasp and always pay attention to the dry and wet condition of the basin soil. if it is semi-dry, it should be watered once, but the amount of water should not be much. It is just right to keep the basin soil moist and not damp.

5. Fertilization: many flowers like fertilizer, but there should be a limit to fertilizer-loving flowers. Too much fertilization is disadvantageous to growth, and even plants will rot or scorch. Magnolia also belongs to this kind of plant and must be fertilized appropriately. Flowers have different nutrient requirements at different stages of growth and development. Therefore, different fertilization methods suitable for plant needs should be adopted in different periods. Such as applying base fertilizer, topdressing, extra-root fertilization and so on.

① base fertilizer (or base fertilizer): the purpose is to create conditions for plant growth and development to meet its nutrient needs. The application of base fertilizer for Magnolia should be carried out when the basin is changed every two years. Apply barnyard manure (that is, livestock manure), compost, green manure, bean cake fertilizer and so on.

② topdressing: mainly to promote plant growth. Gentleman orchid can apply fertilizer such as cake fertilizer, fish meal, bone meal and so on. Apply less at the beginning, and then with the growth of the plant and the increase of leaves, the amount of fertilizer will gradually increase. When applying fertilizer, open the pot soil and apply it to the soil 2-3 cm deep, but be careful that the fertilizer should not be too close to the root system so as not to burn the root system. The application of this kind of solid fertilizer is generally enough once a month and should not be dense again.

③ topdressing liquid fertilizer: topdressing liquid fertilizer is that the supernatant of animals and plants that have been soaked and retted is mixed with 30-40% water and then poured on the basin soil. Small seedlings should be watered 40 times, medium seedlings 30 times, and large seedlings only 20 times. After pouring fertilizer solution for 1-2 days, we should continue to irrigate clear water (the amount of water should not be too much), so that the fertilizer can seep into the root system of the basin soil and give full play to the fertilizer effect. Do not water 1-2 days before the application of liquid fertilizer, so that the basin soil is relatively dry and then apply liquid fertilizer, which is more effective. Fertilization time is best in the early morning; when pouring, let the fertilizer liquid pour along the edge of the basin, pay attention to avoid applying on the plants and leaves. In addition, different fertilizers should be applied according to different seasons. For example, in spring and winter, it is appropriate to apply some phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, such as fish meal, bone meal, hemp cake, etc., which is conducive to the formation of leaf veins and improve the glossiness of leaves; while in autumn, it is appropriate to apply some leachate of rotten animal hair, horns, hooves or bean cakes and pour it with 30-40 times fresh water to promote leaf growth.

④ extra-root topdressing: this method of fertilization is mainly to make up for the lack of nutrients in the soil, in order to solve the problem of lack of fertilizer in the plant, so that the seedlings grow fast and the flowers and fruits grow fat. Extra-root fertilization is to spray the fertilizer diluent directly on the leaf surface of the plant and let the nutrient elements infiltrate into the leaf tissue through the leaf epidermis cells and stomata and then transport to the whole body of the plant. The commonly used fertilization varieties are urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium superphosphate and so on. When spraying, spray evenly to both sides of the blade. In the growing season, it is sprayed once every 4-6 days and once every two weeks when it is semi-dormant. Generally, it is sprayed after sunrise, and the plant should be stopped after flowering. It must be noted that this method can only be used when the plant is found to be short of fertilizer. If the plant has sufficient nutrition and exuberant growth, it is not suitable to be used.

Management in the later stage of Cymbidium Culture

The flowering period of Cymbidium is generally from February to April. After flowering, the flowering period can be prolonged by appropriate cooling, ventilation and reducing light. The length of the flowering period of Cymbidium can be controlled by people's cultivation techniques.

1. Fertilization: bone meal, fermented fish viscera and bean cake water should be added to make the flowers bright, increase the flowers and thicken the leaves. Otherwise, it is easy to appear the phenomenon of small flowers, small number and light color. At the same time, attention should be paid to avoid excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer and insufficient phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, resulting in weak growth or excessive growth of leaves, affecting budding and flowering.

2. Light: certain light conditions should be given to meet the requirements of photosynthesis and flowering. In strong light, the florescence is short and the flower color is bright; in low light, the flower color is light. Too long, too strong or long-term shade, lack of light, all affect the production and accumulation of nutrients, so that it can not bud and blossom.

3. Temperature: the suitable temperature has an obvious effect on the flowering effect. When the temperature is too high, the root hair exists for a very short time, and the function of absorbing water and fertilizer is greatly reduced, so that the orchid is semi-dormant; the temperature below 10 ℃ will also inhibit the growth; the growth period should be controlled at 15-25 ℃, and the florescence should be at 15-20 ℃. The root hair exists for a long time, the function of absorbing water and fertilizer is good, the leaves grow short and wide, and the flowers are luxuriant. It should also be noted that Cymbidium should maintain a temperature difference of about 8 ℃ between day and night, because the organic matter it produces at higher temperatures during the day needs to be stored and digested at lower temperatures at night.

4. Moisture: Cymbidium can not be short of water during the whole plant growth period, and the water requirement at flowering stage is greater, and the growth humidity is not less than 60%.

The cause of Arrow entrapment in Gentleman and its treatment

1. The reason for clamping arrows

① temperature is too low: the extraction temperature of Cymbidium is about 20 ℃. If the temperature is lower than 15 ℃ for a long time, it is difficult for the flower to grow.

Lack of ② nutrition: Orchid bud and flowering when the demand for phosphorus, potash fertilizer, if the lack will make the orchid draw insufficient strength, resulting in the phenomenon of arrow entrapment.

③ basin soil anoxia: the root oxygen demand of Cymbidium is large during the budding period. If the basin soil is too fine or in a state of high humidity for a long time, it will reduce the basin soil permeability, resulting in hypoxia, resulting in the phenomenon of arrow entrapment.

④ constant temperature cultivation: the flowering of Magnolia needs a day-night temperature difference of 5 ℃ to 8 ℃. If the plant is kept at the same temperature during the day and night, it will affect the nutrition accumulation of the orchid, and it is easy to clip arrows during flowering.

⑤ root rot: the root system of Cymbidium is damaged or rotten, which will block the channel of nutrient absorption and affect the flowering of the plant.

Bad varieties of ⑥: some varieties of orchids are born with arrows.

2. prevention and control measures

① adjust the temperature and increase the temperature difference: in winter, after 20 days of low temperature treatment, put the plant under the normal temperature, and try to keep the temperature difference between day and night at 5 ℃ to 8 ℃.

② increased application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to ensure nutrition: in autumn and winter, appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to promote plant flowering.

③ to ensure an appropriate amount of water supply: during the extraction period, make sure that the water content of the basin soil is between 30% and 50%.

④ medicine is used together to promote flowers: the arrow promoter purchased on the market can be smeared on the flower tree or dripped in the pot soil according to the instructions; the leaves on both sides of the arrow can also be stretched out artificially, but the leaves can not be damaged, so as to reduce the pinch force of the leaves on the flower flower and promote the flower flower to protrude and grow as soon as possible.

⑤ re-change soil, dry before wet: re-change soil need to pay attention to: after the change of soil within 5 days without watering, the soil should not be dry soil, should maintain about 30% moisture; 5 days after watering a flood, so generally can blossom.

Points for attention in the cultivation of Cymbidium

1, the gentleman orchid likes the semi-overcast cool environment, must avoid high temperature, strong light, dry. In 15-25 degrees is the most suitable temperature, below 5 degrees began to dormancy stop growth, high temperature is not suitable, summer should pay attention to summer. Otherwise, the narrow and long leaves will affect the ornamental, and the temperature should be cooled down in time.

2. The basin soil should be kept moist during the growth period of Cymbidium, the basin soil should be dry during the high temperature and semi-dormancy period, and more water should be sprayed on the leaf surface to achieve the purpose of cooling. The gentleman orchid likes fertilizer and changes the basin every 2 to 3 years in spring and autumn, adding rotten leaf soil in the basin soil. The basin should be turned frequently to prevent the blade from leaning to one side.