Planting technique of green stem pine cauliflower

Cauliflower cruciferous cabbage is a type of cauliflower, also known as cauliflower, green cauliflower, organic cauliflower, white noodle scattered cauliflower, organic cauliflower, etc., because of its long buds, thin flower layer, and loose shape when the flower bulb is fully expanded, so it gets its name relative to ordinary cauliflower. Let's take a look at the planting technology of green cauliflower.

Cultivation characteristics

Pine cauliflower has two remarkable characteristics: one is good boiling resistance and delicious taste. The contents of vitamin C and soluble sugar in pine cauliflower are obviously higher than those in cauliflower, which is very popular among consumers. Second, the early and middle maturity varieties have strong heat tolerance and wider adaptability, which can be cultivated in the suburbs of the city "delayed in spring" and "in advance in autumn", and alpine cultivation can be put into production in summer and autumn, which broadens the time for cauliflower production and listing.

Field selection

The main results are as follows: 1. The field of pine cauliflower should have loose and fertile soil, good soil stability and strong capacity of water retention, water supply and oxygen supply. There are perfect water conservancy facilities in the field, which can drain and irrigate. Alpine cultivation is not suitable to choose low-lying land, sticky land to grow cauliflower, otherwise, the plant growth is poor, easy to get black root disease. Planting in early spring in plain area can be selected properly because of low air temperature and less Rain Water, but it should be made into wide furrow and high border and covered with plastic film to prevent moisture and moisture.

2. In the continuous cropping land, we should strengthen the control of diseases and insect pests and supplement micro-fertilizer. Sweet potato land and other slope dry land, water conservation capacity is poor, easy to drought, alpine cultivation fashion can be used in the first half of the year, if there is no watering condition in the second half of the year, the general year can not be selected. The suitable altitude for cultivation in high mountain areas is between 600 and 1200 meters. When planting alpine cauliflower below 800 meters above sea level, you should avoid the high temperature season, or choose more heat-resistant varieties, such as "Qingnong 70-day green cauliflower" and so on.

Cultivation season

The main results are as follows: 1. cultivated in the low mountain area below 350 meters above sea level: spring planting is sown from late December to early January, heat preservation and seedling raising in greenhouse, plastic film mulching and small arch greenhouse planting from late February to early March. Such as sowing from late February to early March, heat preservation and seedling raising in greenhouse or small arch shed. It can be planted in the open field from late March to early April. It can be listed from April or mid-May to early June. Autumn planting is sown from mid-June to July, shaded seedlings, planted from early July to August, and can be harvested and listed from late August to early November.

2. Cultivation in the mountain area with an altitude of 800m to 1200m: sowing from mid-February to mid-March, seedling age of about 30 days, planting from mid-March to mid-April, and harvest from mid-May to June. Qingnong 65 days sown from late March to July, the seedling age is 20-35 days, can be planted from late April to mid-August, and harvested from the end of May to early November. Alpine seedlings are protected by facilities (mostly small arch sheds), which can play the role of heat preservation and cold protection in spring, and can achieve the purpose of rain and moisture protection in summer and autumn.

Topdressing fertilizer

The main results are as follows: 1. Pine cauliflower is mainly nitrogen fertilizer at seedling stage, so as to apply thin fertilizer frequently and promote rosette leaves. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is the main fertilizer before and after budding, and bud fertilizer is re-applied, usually with fertilizer mixed with water, which can prolong the bud expansion period and promote the development and expansion of the corm. In the case of high temperature and drought, it is common that the lack of soil moisture hinders the absorption of nutrients by plants, so fertilization must be combined with water supply organically. Irrigation with water can improve fertilizer use efficiency and enhance quick efficiency.

2. During the growth of cauliflower, boron, molybdenum, magnesium, sulfur and other trace fertilizers should be applied to correct plant element deficiency. Among them, boron has a significant effect on the yield and quality of the corm, and it must be foliar topdressing for 2 or 3 times, especially in the period of corm expansion. In the process of topdressing in the middle and later stages, ammonium bicarbonate or ammonium bicarbonate fertilizer should be refused to prevent the flower bulb from producing hairy flowers.

3. The fertilization of pine cauliflower is mainly based on rotten manure and urine, combined with the application of quick-acting chemical fertilizer, balanced fertilization is carried out, and the amount and times of fertilizer application are determined according to plant growth and target yield. Generally, after planting live trees, in the early stage of rosette leaf formation, in the late stage of rosette leaf formation and budding, topdressing was applied for 3 ~ 4 times respectively, and at the same time, medium and trace element fertilizers such as magnesium, boron and molybdenum were applied together. No chemical fertilizer shall be applied within 20 days before harvest.

Cultivate the soil and Yonggen

The main results are as follows: 1. The root system of cauliflower occurs from the main stem, which is hierarchical. In the process of growth, the deep root is aging continuously, and the new root is constantly emerging near the ground stem. The overall distribution is relatively shallow, and the fibrous root is mainly distributed near the main stem. It is found that the distribution of root system is deep in cold season and shallow in warm and hot season, which may be related to the directionality of root growth to ground temperature. On the other hand, in agricultural operation, most of the base fertilizer and topdressing were applied shallowly, which also promoted the root system to grow to the surface. Therefore, cauliflower production generally needs to cultivate soil, through soil cultivation, promote adventitious roots, stabilize the soil environment for root growth, and enhance plant growth and lodging resistance.

2. Under the condition of rainy roots and high temperature and drought in alpine cauliflower, the effect of soil cultivation is especially obvious, which enhances stress resistance and has a significant effect on yield increase. The growth process should generally be combined with weeding, loosening soil, fertilization, cultivating soil for one or three times, cauliflower without soil cultivation should at least be planted deeply, and cauliflower growth and yield are not good if there is no soil cultivation and shallow planting. The method of soil cultivation is to cultivate the furrow soil and the soil pre-piled in the middle of the border between the planting holes and plants, and finally form a uniform border surface with tortoise back. Some soil cultivation after the formation of two small beds in a bed is wrong, the field shows that the planting hole is too shallow to cultivate the soil will often form this situation.

Water management

The main results are as follows: 1. There are many and thin leaves of pine cauliflower, which can reach 17023 in the middle and later stage of growth, which is 6 to 8 more than that of common cauliflower varieties. the phenomenon of wilting often occurs in the field, especially when it suddenly clears up after continuous overcast and rain, and becomes clear after water exposure, or under the condition of high temperature, drought and strong light. Therefore, the soil in the vegetable field planted with cauliflower can neither be too wet to rett roots, nor too dry to lead to water shortage.

2. In general production, measures such as ditch cleaning and drainage, timely watering, soil cultivation, grass cutting and plastic film mulching are adopted to adjust the soil moisture condition in time, strive to balance the water supply and keep the soil moist and loose. Irrigation and watering of horses in times of drought, flooding is prohibited. Drainage in time after rain, no stagnant water in the fields. Before planting live trees in summer, water should be watered once a day in the evening in case of drought, and it is best to shade under high temperature and strong light.

Fasten leaves to protect flowers

The main results are as follows: 1. the flower bulb of pine cauliflower will turn yellow no matter in spring or in midsummer, and the color change is deeper under the condition of strong light in summer and autumn. this change not only affects the appearance of the commodity, but also affects the fresh and tender quality of the flower bulb. therefore, the nursing of flower bulb is an important link in the production process of alpine cauliflower. Different from the general cauliflower care, pine cauliflower mostly adopts the method of protecting flowers with folded leaves rather than covering flowers with folded leaves, especially in the production process of cultivating large bulbs with sparse planting, because of its fluffy and large bulbs, poor clasping of inner leaves, and the characteristics of simultaneous development of flower heads and leaf heading, folded leaf cover flowers are often enlarged and moved by inner leaves, and the shading effect is not good.

2. When the bouquet of pine cauliflower grows to fist size, the 4'5 alternate large leaves close to the bulb will be pulled and disturbed without breaking, and then two small bamboo sticks, grass sticks or small firewood sticks with a diameter of 2 mm and a length of 7 cm are used as fixed connectors. The tips of overlapping leaves are punctured and fixed at the main vein, and the leaves fixed in series are bundled in the shape of lanterns to cover the whole rosette. So that the flower ball in the subsequent growth process from direct sunlight, and leave enough room for development and expansion.

3. Pine cauliflower sunshade and flower protection is as strict as possible. strict leaf protection can completely prevent the sun from shining on the flower bulb, and even in the midsummer environment, the whole flower bulb can remain white and tender. Compared with the usual method of folding leaves and covering flowers, the bundle of leaves and flowers is completed at one time, which avoids the trouble of folding leaves and covering flowers many times, saves labor and time, and the effect is better.

Pest control

The main pests of pine cauliflower are aphids, diamondback moth, leaf miner, green worm, cabbage worm, Spodoptera litura, beet armyworm, mole cricket, yellow striped beetle, Bemisia Tabaci and so on. Prevention and control should implement the plant protection policy of "prevention first and comprehensive control", give priority to agricultural control, physical control and biological control, use chemical control in a scientific and coordinated manner, strictly control the number of drug use, and abide by the safe interval. control diseases and insect pests below the allowable economic threshold, so that pesticide residues can be controlled within the national green food standards, so as to achieve the purpose of safety, high quality and harmlessness.