Control methods of eggplant Fusarium wilt

Eggplant Fusarium wilt is one of the main diseases of eggplant, harming not only Solanaceae vegetables, but also Cucurbitaceae, Cruciferae and other vegetables. the leaves of diseased plants gradually turn yellow and wilt from the bottom up, and the disease is mostly shown in the first and second layers of branches. sometimes only half of the same leaf turns yellow, and the other half is healthy as usual. let's take a look at the control methods of eggplant Fusarium wilt.

Develop symptoms

The incidence of eggplant Verticillium wilt is less in the seedling stage, and it generally begins to occur shortly after eggplant planting. In case of low temperature colonization, the disease is early and severe, but it is the most common after fruit setting. Most of the diseased plants develop from bottom to top or from one side to the whole plant, and the leaves turn yellow at first at the leaf margin and between the veins, then to the half or the whole leaf. In the early stage, the diseased leaves wilt in sunny days and high temperature, and can recover sooner or later. In the later stage, the diseased leaves change from yellow to brown, and finally wilt and droop and fall off. In severe cases, the leaves of the whole plant turn brown and droop, and only the stems are shedding. When the diseased roots, stem branches and petioles were split, the vascular bundles turned brown, but there was no rice water-like turbid fluid exudation. When the mature fruit of the seriously diseased plant was cut longitudinally, the vascular bundles turned dark brown.

Disease condition

The bacteria prefer warm and humid environment, and the most suitable condition for the disease is that the soil temperature is 24-28 ℃ and the soil water content is 20-30%. The main peak periods of eggplant Fusarium wilt in Zhejiang and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River were from May to July and from September to October. The susceptible growth period of eggplant is the flowering and fruit setting stage. The disease was more serious in the fields with continuous cropping for many years, poor drainage, stagnant water after rain, acidic soil, serious damage to underground pests and partial application of nitrogen fertilizer in cultivation. The disease is serious in the rainy years in spring and summer, and in the rainy years in autumn.

Prevention and cure method

1. Disinfect seeds and seedbeds. Soak seeds in 55 ℃ warm water for 15 minutes before sowing, and disinfect the bed soil. Actively control underground pests to avoid root wounds.

2. Rotation with non-Solanaceae vegetables for more than 3 years, using red eggplant and Tolubam as rootstocks for grafting and seedling raising, timely and fine planting, proper watering, strengthening mid-tillage, and promoting root wound healing.

3. At the initial stage of the disease, 50% carbendazim wettable powder can be used to irrigate the root, or 50% carbendazim wettable powder 1000 times, or 20% methyl richos EC 1000 times, or 5% carbendazim water agent 1000 times, each plant 200ml.