Control methods of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in eggplant

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the common diseases of eggplant. In addition to harming eggplant, it also harms many kinds of vegetables, such as tomato, pepper, cucumber, cowpea, broad bean, pea, potato, carrot and so on. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the common diseases of eggplant. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is one of the common diseases of eggplant.

Develop symptoms

The disease begins at the stem base at the seedling stage, and the disease part is light brown waterlogged at the beginning. When the humidity is high, white cotton-like hyphae grow, showing soft rot, no odor, gray-white after drying, the hyphae accumulate into sclerotia, the disease part constricts, and the eggplant seedlings die. The disease can occur in all parts of the adult stage, starting from the base of the main stem or lateral branches at 5cm, showing a light brown watery spot, slightly sunken, grayish white, white flocculent hyphae and mildew in the cortex when the humidity is high, black sclerotia are formed on the surface and pith of the diseased stem, and the pulp is empty after drying, the surface of the diseased part is easy to break, and the fiber is hemp-like exposed, resulting in plant death. The damage to the leaves was also flooded at first, and then turned into brown round spots, sometimes with wheel lines, the disease grew out of white hyphae, and the spots were easy to break after drying. Flower buds and flowers suffer, now wet rot in the form of water stains, resulting in shedding. The damage to the stalk caused the fruit to fall off. Water stains appeared at the damaged end or sunny side of the fruit, then turned brown and rotted, slightly sunken, white mycelium grew on the spot, and then sclerotia was formed.

Occurrence condition

The bacteria prefer a warm and humid environment, and the most suitable conditions for the disease are temperature 20: 25 ℃ and relative humidity more than 85%. The main peak period of disease is from February to June in spring in Zhejiang and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the most suitable growth period is from adult stage to middle and late fruiting stage. The disease is serious in the fields with topography, poor drainage, over-dense planting, poor ventilation and light transmission in the shed and continuous cropping for many years, and in rainy years in early spring or during plum rain.

Prevention and cure method

The main results are as follows: 1. Plastic film mulching of eggplant in plastic shed can prevent ascomycetes from being unearthed and reduce the source of bacteria.

2, chemical treatment of soil, 50% carbendazim wettable powder 4kg per mu, dry soil fully mixed on the border surface, and then raked into the soil. The source of primary infection can be reduced.

3. Pay attention to ventilation to reduce the humidity in the shed, and pay attention to heating and preventing cold when the cold current invades to prevent the plant from being frozen and induce disease.

4. the diseased plants were pulled out in time and taken to the outside of the shed to be destroyed.

5. After the diseased plants were found in the capsule plate or the center in the field, they were used alternately or alternately, once every 10 to 15 days, for 3 or 4 times in a row. In addition, smoke method or dust method can also be used in protected areas, and see Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in specific methods.