Distribution of origin of black sesame

Black sesame is the black seed of sesame of sesame family, which contains a lot of fat and protein, as well as sugars, vitamin A, vitamin E, lecithin, calcium, iron, chromium and other nutrients, which can strengthen the stomach, protect the liver and promote the growth of red blood cells. at the same time, it can increase melanin in the body, which is conducive to hair growth. Let's take a look at the distribution of black sesame origin.

Distribution of origin of black sesame

Black sesame is widely planted in China, the main producing areas are Shandong, Henan, Hubei, Sichuan, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hebei and other provinces, annual herbs, mature seeds are black and white, black multi-medicinal, white multi-edible, local names are slightly different, there are sesame, oil sesame, Jusheng, flax and other names.

Environment of black sesame producing area

1. Soil: black sesame is most suitable to be planted in loose soil from slightly acidic to neutral (PH 6.5-7.5) because of its small seeds and shallow roots. Loose soil can coordinate the contradiction among water, fertilizer and air supply, which is beneficial to root extension.

2. Air temperature: the accumulated temperature of black sesame during the whole growth period is 2500 ~ 3000 ℃, and the most suitable temperature for black sesame is 20 ~ 24 ℃.

3. Precipitation: the suitable rainfall during the whole growing period of black sesame is 210-250 mm.

4. Sunshine: sufficient sunlight is needed during the whole growth period of black sesame, which can strengthen photosynthesis, contribute to the accumulation of nutrients, meet the needs of flowering and fruiting, make the fruit full and conducive to the formation of oil.

Identification of true and false black sesame

1. Character identification: this product is oblate-oval, 2.5-4 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, one end obtusely round, the other tip pointed, about 1 mm thick, black surface, reticulate wrinkles or inconspicuous, fine verrucous protuberances can be seen under the enlarged mirror, the edge is smooth or there are 2 circles of raised edges, the tip has a dotted brown hilum, seed coat membrane. Endosperm white, fleshy, wrapped in a thin layer. The embryo is straight, with 2 large white cotyledons, oily. The breath is weak, the taste is light, and it has the aroma of sesame oil after crushing.

2. Microscopic identification: seed cross section: the outermost part of the seed coat is a row of grid-like cylindrical cells, the outer wall protrudes slightly outward in a round head shape, the cells are full of melanin and contain a large globular calcium oxalate crystal mass, which is formed by the combination of a large number of small columnar crystals. inward is a row of flat cells, thin walls, common scattered small columnar crystals in the cell cavity, and then several layers of decadent flattened outer endosperm cells can be seen inward. The endosperm is 3-4 layers of parenchyma cells, polygonal. The cotyledons are double-sided, with cylindrical palisade cells below the upper epidermis. The cells of endosperm and embryo are filled with starch grains and fatty oil.

3. Powder identification: black-gray, oily and fragrant. The outer Testa cells are polygonal on the surface, filled with melanin and contain a large globular calcium oxalate crystal mass with a diameter of 25,48 microns. Cotyledons and endosperm cells are quasi-round and contain a large number of aleurone grains. The free aleurone is oval in shape, 3 to 7 microns long and contains a spherical crystal and a square or polygonal quasi-crystal. Fat oil droplets are scattered.