Planting time of okra

Okra, also known as coffee okra, Vietnamese sesame, crow beans, gummy, okra, kidney-tonifying vegetables, etc., are annual herbs of okra in the family Malvaceae. They like warmth and fear frost. The whole growth period should be arranged in a frost-free period. The flowering and fruiting period should be in the warm and humid season around the place. Let's take a look at the planting time of okra.

Planting time of okra

Okra is cultivated in the open field. It is sown from April to June in the north and south and harvested from July to October. The seeds in North China are usually sown from mid-late April to May. Seedlings are raised in solar greenhouses and plastic greenhouses commonly used in cold areas in the north, and then planted in the field after frost in early spring and evening. It takes about 60 days from sowing to the formation of the first tender fruit, and then the whole harvest time is as long as 60-70 days, and the whole growth period is about 120 days.

Planting conditions of okra

1. Temperature: okra likes warmth, is afraid of cold, and has strong heat resistance. When the air temperature is 13 ℃ and the ground temperature is about 15 ℃, the seeds can germinate. However, the optimum temperature for seed germination and growth period was 25-30 ℃. When the monthly average temperature was lower than 17 ℃, it affected flowering and fruiting. When the night temperature was lower than 14 ℃, the plant grew slowly, the plant was short, the leaf was narrow, the flowering was less, and the flowering was more. 26-28 ℃ has many blossoms at suitable temperature, high fruit setting rate, rapid fruit development, high yield and good quality.

2. Moisture: okra is resistant to drought and moisture, but not resistant to waterlogging. The excessive soil moisture during the germination period is easy to induce seedling blight. During the fruiting period, the soil should always be kept moist because of the drought, poor plant growth and poor quality.

3. Lighting: okra is particularly sensitive to light conditions, requiring long light time and sufficient light. Sunny land should be selected, ventilation should be strengthened, and reasonable close planting should be paid attention to so as not to shade each other and affect ventilation and light transmission.

4. Soil: okra has wide adaptability to soil and does not choose soil fertility, but it is better to use loam or sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose and fertile soil and good drainage. Nitrogen is the main fertilizer in the early stage of growth, and more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is needed in the middle and later stage. However, if there is too much nitrogen fertilizer, the plant is easy to grow, the flowering and fruiting is delayed, the node position of fruit setting is raised, the nitrogen fertilizer is insufficient, and the plant growth is poor, which affects flowering and fruit setting.

Planting method of okra

1. Soil preparation and fertilization: the plot of okra is ready to be planted. After the previous harvest, deep ploughing in autumn and winter should be carried out in time, with a depth of 30 cm, in order to deepen the ripe soil layer, further loosen the soil, and enhance the soil water storage and fertilizer conservation capacity. Make the land fine, flat, loose, soft, empty and solid before planting. Okra needs more fertilizer, spread 5000 kg of rotten barnyard manure and 20 kg of compound fertilizer per mu, spread it on the ground in front of soil preparation, then turn deeply into the soil, mix well with fine rake, mix the soil and fertilizer, and then open a ditch to make the border.

2. Sowing at the right time: the direct seeding method is often used, and it can also be raised and transplanted. It is generally sown in the middle of May, planted in the middle of June and harvested in large quantities in August.

3. Interseedling ploughing: it is necessary to have time seedlings after emergence of okra seedlings. When there are 2 or 3 true leaves, get rid of diseased, weak and small seedlings, and leave 2 plants in each hole. After the seedlings are unearthed, they should be ploughed and weeded in time, once every 10 days or so. Before the first flower blossoms, we should strengthen ploughing and squat seedlings properly to promote root development. Cultivate the soil before closing ridges to prevent plant lodging.

4. Fertilizer and water management and protection: okra is more resistant to drought and moisture, and requires higher air and soil moisture during the growth period, especially in the flowering and fruiting period. Okra has a long harvest time, and the whole growth period is about 100 days. On the basis of adequate base fertilizer, the first topdressing was carried out after seedling emergence, applying 6kg urea per mu.

5. Set up a frame to pick leaves: in summer, a support should be set up to prevent lodging. A 1-meter-long bamboo pole or branch can be inserted next to the root of the plant to support the plant. In the early stage of growth, the overgrowth of vegetative growth should be prevented, and the old leaves below the tender fruit should be removed in time in the middle and later stage. Those who are reserved for planting fruit should pick the heart in time, which can promote the ripening of the fruit, make the grain full and improve the seed quality.