The growth environment of Morchella

Morchella is a rare edible and medicinal fungus of the family Morchella. It often grows on the ground of broad-leaved forest and along the road, solitary or in groups. Wild Morchella is distributed in Xizang, Yunnan, Tianshan Mountains and Changbai Mountain in Jilin Province. Let's take a look at the growing environment of Morchella.

Nutritional conditions of Morchella

The better carbon sources of Morchella are soluble starch, fructose, maltose, sucrose, glucose and so on. The better nitrogen sources were cysteine-hydrochloric acid, aspartic acid, asparagine, urea, alanine, glutamic acid and so on. The wood extract, tomato juice, malt extract and apple extract were used to promote the growth of Morchella, and the wood extract was the most effective. The mycelium was cultured in Agar medium with humus soil extract. The mycelium could grow all over the slope in 7-10 days under 20 ℃.

Stand conditions of Morchella esculenta

Morchella generally grows under Pinus, Quercus and Quercus, and especially Xisheng grows in the old apple orchard. The ash and charred wood of apple trees are the best nutrients of Morchella. It can occur in paulownia nursery, pear orchard, bamboo orchard and broad-leaved forests such as poplar, Chinese tallow, poplar, willow, walnut, Rosaceae, Fagaceae, spruce, fir coniferous forest or coniferous and broad-leaved forest, or even in cornfields and shrubs.

Humidity requirements of Morchella

In the mycelium growth stage of Morchella, the soil water content is about 50%, and the humidity is low, and the formation of primordium and fruiting body development requires a large amount of water (80-90 mm precipitation), especially from February to March, the monthly precipitation is 40-50 mm, and the precipitation is 5-6 mm at a time, 4-5 days is the most suitable for the development of fruiting body, and the relative humidity in the forest is also high, at 80% 85%.

Temperature requirement of Morchella

Morchella belongs to low temperature type fungi. The underground mycelium begins to grow at 1-2 ℃ in early spring. The mushroom period is from March to April. The daily growth rate of mycelium increases with the increase of temperature at 10-25 ℃, and decreases linearly when the daily growth rate is higher than 28 ℃. Although the daily growth rate of mycelium is the fastest at 25 ℃, the moss layer is thin and easy to age. At about 20 ℃, the mycelium grows faster and thicker. Therefore, the optimum growth temperature of Morchella mycelium is 17-22 ℃.